Download Section Quiz Section: Sedimentary Rock

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Section Quiz
Section: Sedimentary Rock
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the
term or phrase.
______ 1. compaction
______ 2. cementation
a. rock that forms from the remains of
plants or animals
______ 3. chemical sedimentary
rock
b. the process in which the volume and
porosity of a sediment is decreased by the
weight of overlying sediments
______ 4. organic sedimentary
rock
c. rock that forms when minerals
precipitate from a solution or settle
from a suspension
______ 5. clastic sedimentary
rock
d. the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment
grains, binding them to form rock
e. rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented
In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
______ 6. The tendency for currents of air or water to separate sediments
according to size is called
a. arranging.
c. organizing.
b. classifying.
d. sorting.
______ 7. Which of the following is NOT a common depositional environment?
a. plain
c. river
b. delta
d. beach
______ 8. Layers and beds of sedimentary rock are examples of
a. sandstone.
c. stratification.
b. massive beds.
d. sea beds.
______ 9. In stratified layers of sedimentary rock, what is it called when
sediment settles on the bottom and large grains settle on top?
a. cross-beds
c. graded beds
b. massive beds
d. reverse grading
______ 10. In sedimentary rock, what are lumps that have compositions different
from the main body of rock called?
a. ripple marks
c. concretions
b. mud cracks
d. fossils
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
31
Rocks
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ANSWER KEY
8. magma
9. tectonic plates
10. Contact metamorphism is a change in
the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with
magma.
11. Only a small area of rock that surrounds
the hot magma is changed by the magma’s heat.
12. The movement of hot chemical fluids through fractures may also cause
changes in the surrounding rock during
contact metamorphism.
13. Regional metamorphism is a change in
the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area,
generally as a result of tectonic forces.
14. When one tectonic plate moves against
another, it generates tremendous heat
in the rocks at the edges of the tectonic
plates. This heat and pressure causes
chemical changes in the minerals of the
rock.
15. Regional metamorphism causes most
metamorphic rock to form.
16. Volcanism and movement of magma
often accompany tectonic activity, so
rocks formed by contact metamorphism
can be found near those created by
regional metamorphism.
17. Metamorphic rocks are first classified by
texture and then by composition.
18. B
19. E
20. A
21. G
22. D
23. C
24. F
25. Extreme pressure may cause the min-
that are round or square. Because
the grains do not have some long and
some short sides, these grains do not
change position when exposed to pressure in one direction.
Math Skills
1. 2,900 k; 2; Rule 3; because zeros at the
end of the number are not significant
unless they have been measured or are
the first estimated digit
2. 5 k; 1; Rule 1; because all nonzero
digits are significant
3. 35 k; 2; Rule 1; because all nonzero
digits are significant
4. 2,900 ⴙ 5 ⴝ 2,905 k; 4; Rule 2; because
any zeros between significant digits
are also significant
Graphing Skills
1. 10% quartz; 60% feldspar; 30% lithic
grains
2. 30% quartz; 50% feldspar; 20% lithic
grains
3. 50% quartz; 40% feldspar; 10% lithic
grains
4. 90% quartz; 10% feldspar; 0% lithic grains
Section Quizzes
SECTION: ROCKS AND THE ROCK
CYCLE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B
E
A
D
C
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A
D
D
A
C
SECTION: IGNEOUS ROCK
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
eral crystals in the rock to realign or
regrow to form parallel bands, or foliation might occur as minerals that have
different compostions separate to produce a series of alternating dark and
light bands.
26. The original rock may contain grains
of only one mineral or very small
amounts of other minerals. In this
case it does not form compositional
bands when it is metamorphosed. Or,
the original rock may contain grains
D
A
E
B
C
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
C
B
A
B
B
SECTION: SEDIMENTARY ROCK
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B
D
C
A
E
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
D
A
C
D
C
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
59
Rocks