Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Communication Kelly Markus Samantha Williams What is Communication? “Communication is the ability to share information with people and to understand what information and feelings are being conveyed by others”. -Project Para Why is Communication essential? • Understanding roles and assignments • Planning and carrying out learning activities • Coordinating approaches with students • Providing information to teachers on students progress and behaviors • Building a positive relationship with students, teachers, and other staff. • -Project Para The Communication Process Communication Methods Experts say communication is composed of different methods: • Words • Tone • Non-Verbal Clues Conversation and Verbal exchange Facts • WORDS are 7% Effective • TONE OF VOICE is 38% Effective • NON-VERBAL CLUES is 55% Effective - it’s news The Six Rules Of Communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. We would all like honesty from all who communicate with us. We all want Logical Reasoning and explanations from the person who is communicating with us. Respect is absolutely essential in communication. We all want to be accepted and cared for by the people we are communicating with and to. Our Children look for consistency from their elders. Consistency between words and actions must occur Communication is a two way process. -Najemy Non-Verbal Communication Elements of Non-Verbal Communication • • • • VISUAL TACTILE VOCAL USE OF TIME, SPACE, AND IMAGE Examples of Non-Verbal Communication • Eye contact- Regulates the flow of communication • Facial Expressions- Smiling, frowning, ect. • Proximity- rocking, leg swinging, Tapping, Gaze aversion • Paralinguistic- Tone, pitch, rhythm, timbre, loudness, inflection -Ritts and Stein Verbal Communication Strategies of Effective Communication • • • • • • • Body Language Clarity of message Tone of voice Eye Contact Energy Attitude Confidence What is Verbal Communication? Verbal Language is spoken or written Words. It comes in three forms: • Formal Language • Informal Language • Slang Culturally Effective Communication • “Communication is the essential skill utilized by a teacher. It is vital to be a culturally competent communicator. A teacher must be able to identify the blockage in communication that is occurring”. -Cerny, Jerry Barriers to Effective Cultural Communication • Ethnocentrism- Inability to accept another persons culture’s world views. • Discrimination- Differential treatment of an individual due to minority status: actual and perceived. • Stereotyping- Generalizing about a person while ignoring presence of individual differences. • Cultural Blindness- Differences are ignored and one proceeds as though the difference does not exist. • Cultural Imposition- Belief that everyone should conform to the majority. -Cherny, Jerry Bridging Cultural Differences Everyone Has a Culture Take time to collect relevant cultural information Hold all judgments Notice differences in understanding of teaching & learning Involve cultural resources into lessons and activities Collaborate to develop educational strategies -Jerry Cerny Communication and Students With Disabilities While the majority of a student’s program should be as closely aligned with the general education curriculum as possible, some accommodations and modifications may be necessary. There are some ways to aid students with specific learning disabilities learn more effectively at home or at school. The selection of which accommodation will be used should be based on the child’s individual needs. Accommodations for Effective Communication with students with Disabilities • Sign Language • Captioning Media • Amplification and Headphones • Note Takers & Copying Notes • Visual Aids • Extended Time • Seating, Placing, and Alternate arrangements • Tape Recorder Communication in the Classroom The teacher should… • Speak Slowly, your students will have more time understanding what you are saying • Look at your students • Welcome Students questions on any topic • Write a short outline of lesson on the board in advance, this helps students follow along • Write each key team on the board Communication with Parents/Guardian's The teacher should… • Have phone conferences. • Report cards and interns • Weekly "good behavior" notes. • Notices about what is going on in the classroom. • conferences. • Annual individualized education programs (IEPs). • Point sheets about child’s behavior • Always be positive !!!!! -Pearson Education Parental Communication with the Teacher • Make a list of questions that you might have for the teacher. • Always be positive • Volunteer in the classroom to help teacher • Attend Iep meetings • Don’t focus on teachers shortcomings • Keep focus on your child • Praise the teacher if you feel necessary • BE INVOLVED!!!! -Exceptional children assistance center Parental Involvement Facts Recent studies have shown that parents that are involved in a child’s education creates positive outcomes. • Higher grades • Academic achievement throughout school • Positive attitude • Good behavior • Effective schools are created when involvement occurs -University of Illinois Special Education and Communication “Parent should communicate well with your child’s school system. This is especially vital when your child has a disability. The Family of education has eight guidelines for parents to help improve communication and special education.” -Margy Davidson Eight Rules of Communication in Special Education for Parents • Keep a journal or folder of all communications with your child’s school. • Put everything discussed in writing • Always have a pleasant toned voice • Keep it to the point • Keep copies of all letters that come home and also signed letters by administration, teachers, and yourself. • Get written confirmation that your letter was received -Margy Davidson Communication and the School The school can… • Provide parents the information they need to assess their child’s progress • Have a telephone system set up so that parents can leave teacher’s messages. • Provide a listing of each teachers school email address • Provide agendas for students at beginning of year • Arrange open houses every nine weeks for parents to come in to the school. • Monthly calendars about events happening in the school • Arrange conferences teachers and parent Tactful Communication Think before you speak Apologize quickly when you blunder Converse, don’t compete Time your comments Focus on behavior- not on personality Uncover hidden feelings Listen for feedback -Gabor Twelve Roadblock to Effective Communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Ordering, commanding, directing Warning, threatening Moralizing, preaching, giving “shoulds” and “oughts” Advising, offering solutions and suggestions Teaching, lecturing, giving logical arguments Judging, criticizing, disagreeing, blaming Name-Calling, stereotyping, labeling Interpreting, analyzing, diagnosing Praising, agreeing, giving positive evaluations Reassuring, sympathizing, consoling, supporting Questioning, probing, interrogating, crossexamining 12. Withdrawing, distracting, being sarcastic, Diverting -Para Project Active Listening The most effective method of communication is active listening. There are five guidelines to effective Listening: 1. Let the other person talk without interrupting. 2. Look into their eyes 3. Do not criticize or give advice 4. Ask questions for a concise understanding 5. Affirm whether or not you understand --Najemy Elements of Listening • • • • • • • • • • Attentiveness of speaker Eye contact Intention be fully awake and aware Openness: to other person and your own Paying attention Listening to yourself Feedback Body Language Change in Pattern Expectations about the person speaking, about their message, about their agenda -It’s Time Characteristics of Effective Feedback • Descriptive • Avoid accusations • Describe your own reactions and feelings • Suggest more acceptable alternatives • Specific rather than general • Focused on behavior not he person • Feedback is useful will well-timed • Share information • It is checked to insure clear communication Resources • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guide bk/teachtip/commun-1.htm http://www.itstime.com/aug97.htm Exceptional Children’s assistance center ”How to have a good relationship with your teacher” http://www.urbanext.ujuc.edu www.teachervision.com http://ss.uno.edu.SS/TeachDevel/Com/CultureComm.html http://familyeducation.com/article/0,1120,23-28281,00.html http://1stholistic.com/Reading/liv communication-with-children4.htm http://selfgrowth.com/articles/Najemy7.html http://para.unl.edu/para/Communication/lesson2.html http://para.unl.edu/para/Communication/lesson3.html http://para.unl.edu/para/Communication/lesson1.html http://web.cba.neu.edu/~ewertheim/interper/commun.htm http://www.pcc.edu/resources/disability/learning-accomm.htm www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/succeed/09-communication.html http://www.fif.org/olt2a/olt2aparentteachercom.htm