Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
9th Honors 1.28.15 Turn in: Jared Diamond C/R/A JD Prediction questions River Dynasties in China Take out : Planner Pen/Pencil Note-taking devices Today’s Learning Objectives: I can understand the development of China and it’s role in world history. Today’s Agenda: Cultural Universals Dynasties Xia Shang Zhou Oracle Bones (?) HW: C/R/A “The Unification of China” Define and EXPLAIN terms and names at end of the section. (Question #1) Ancient China As we progress, use your notes and readings to find pieces of information for each of the following Elements of Culture: 1. 2. 3. 4. Technology Government type Economics Social Organization (Gender Roles)) The Xia • “Mythical” first Dynasty – We have no evidence that they ever really existed. – Any connections to other civilizations? • A Golden Age based on engineering • Yu the Great (AKA Yu the Engineer) • Became powerful by organizing tribes together –to build canals, dams, and levies –to control the flooding of the Yellow River The Xia • Role Models: Xia rulers are a model, something that later Chinese dynasties try to live up to. • Chinese historians criticize dynasties for not living up to the standard that the Xia set. • “I am not one who was born in the possession of knowledge; I am one who is fond of antiquity, and earnest in seeking it there.” – Confucius Fall of the Xia Dynasty: The fall of the Xia is blamed on its last king, King Jie is said to have fallen in love with an evil, beautiful woman and become a tyrant. The people rose up in rebellion under the leadership of Zi Lü, the founder of the Shang Dynasty. The Shang The Shang Dynasty is the first major Chinese Dynasty (1700s-1122 BCE) Monarchy. Built along the Yellow River. Rice, Wheat, Bronze (a soft metal) The Shang Oracle Bones Shang Dynasty: Priests would submit questions to the gods. Priests would ask about: weather, crop planting, the fortunes of members of the royal family, or wars. These questions were carved onto the bone or shell. Intense heat was then applied with a metal rod until the bone or shell cracked. The Priest would then interpret the pattern of cracks and decide whether people should plant crops, go to war, or change their leaders. “The Mandate of Heaven” • What is authority based on? One answer: the gods. “The Mandate of Heaven”: the approval of the gods. When the Chou (Joh/Zhou) overthrew the Shang in 1027 BCE, they argued that the Shang had lost the approval of the gods, because they were corrupt. From then on, whenever a new dynasty came into power, they claimed that they had the “Mandate of Heaven” The Dynastic Cycle The Mandate of Heaven Is this a solid system? 1. What are the strengths of this system? 2. What problems might arise?