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Ancient Greece Day 4 Writers of History Herodotus a. Known as the “father of history” b. Considered the 1st true historian-he separated fact from fiction (tried to) c. Wrote on the Persian Wars-called Historia d. Wrote on military, political, social & religious customs Thucydides a. Wrote on the Peloponnesian War b. Rejected the idea that gods played role in human history c. He only accepted eyewitness accounts Alexander the Great Alexander and his Empire a. Philip II of Macedonia, Alexander’s father, had conquered most of Greece by the time of his death b. 336 BC-Alexander from Macedonia (north of Greece) becomes King of Macedonia c. 334 BC-Alexander invades Persian empire & wins major victory in Asia Minor d. 332 BC-he conquers Syria, Palestine, and Egypt (founds the city of Alexandria). e. 331 BC -defeats Persians again, and ends Persian rule for good f. 327 BC-Alexander wants to keep going until they reach the Indus River -after 3 years his men say no more-go home g. 323 BC-Alexander dies of a fever at age 33 Legacy of Alexander the Great a. Ends the era of the independent Greek polis b. Creates Hellenism-the blending of Greek & eastern customs c. Alexandria, Egypt 1. 2. The city is the center of Hellenistic civilization & learning-NOT Athens Well planned city:1st museum, Library with 1 million volumes, Zoo, Double harbor (1200 ships could dock & giant lighthouse) By 150 BC –Hellenism was in decline Rome was gaining power