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THE ROAD TO WORLD WAR I
June 28, 1914
Archduke Franz
Ferdinand, from
Austria-Hungary,
assassinated by Serbian
terrorist Gavrillo
Princip
THE ROAD TO WORLD WAR I
Allied Powers
Central Powers
Britain
Germany
France
Austria-Hungary
Russia
Bulgaria
Italy (1915)
Ottoman Empire
Romania (1916)
Greece (1917)
U.S.A. (1917)
THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
New Weapons of WWI
TANK
AIRPLANE
THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
New Weapons of WWI
SUBMARINE / UBOAT
MACHINE GUN
THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
New Weapons of WWI
POISON GAS
ZEPPELINS
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
American Views on WWI
When WWI erupted in 1914, President Woodrow
Wilson declared America’s neutrality
Isolationism & Monroe Doctrine meant that the U.S.
did not concern itself with the affairs of Europe
By staying neutral, America could trade with both sides
and help the American economy
President Wilson resisted entering the war even after
American lives were lost when the Germans sank the
British passenger liner, Lusitania
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
Why Did America Enter WWI?
Reason #1 – Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
The Germans were using their subs to sink ships
bringing supplies to the Allies
President Wilson told Germany that they were strictly
accountable for the destruction of American ships or
deaths of American citizens
Fearing the American entry into the war, the Germans
promised not to sink anymore merchant ships
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (Cont.)
In Jan. 1917, the Germans announced they would
resume unrestricted submarine warfare
President Wilson cut diplomatic relations with
Germany on February 3rd
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
Why Did America Enter WWI?
Reason #2 – Zimmermann Telegram
The intent of the Zimmermann Telegram was to persuade
the Mexican Government to attack the U.S. from the south, if
the U.S. were to enter the war
If Mexico was to comply, Germany would give substantial
financial support and give back territories that Mexico lost in
the U.S.-Mexican war of 1846-1848
According to the telegram, it told Mexico to communicate
with Japan to try to persuade the Japanese to join the alliance
Explain the
meaning behind
this political
cartoon?
Germany is trying
to persuade
Mexico to join
them against the
United States.
THIS IS ON
YOUR TEST!!!
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
America Saves The Day
April 1917 – The United States enters the war on the
side of the Allied Powers
Americans fought in the war for about a year before
it ended
November 11, 1918 – Germany surrendered &
agreed to end the fighting (Armistice)
VETERANS DAY!!
AMERICA & WORLD WAR I
President Wilson’s 14 Points
The basis for the settlement of the war & the peace
treaty
1-5 – ended secret peace treaties, allowed freedom
of the seas, reduced tariffs, & allowed for a fair
adjustment of claims to colonies
6-13 – redrew the map of pre-war Europe
14 – called for the creation of a general association
of nations called the League of Nations
RESULTS OF WORLD WAR I
The Treaty Of Versailles
Set the stage for further conflict through its provisions
1. Blamed Germany for the entire war
2. Ordered Germany to pay reparations for all of the
damage caused by the war to the Allied Powers ($32
Billion)
3. Limited the size of the German army & navy &
prohibited Germany from military build-up
4. Covenant of the League of Nations: prevent warfare,
mandate system, no military, create Court of International
Justice
RESULTS OF WORLD WAR I
Effects of World War I
1. Led to an economic depression in Europe & the
U.S.
2. World War II was a continuation of World War I
because of the harsh punishment of Germany and
the weakness of the League of Nations
3. Hitler was able to rise to power in Germany by
“blaming the Allies” for many of the economic &
political troubles in Germany after WWI
RESULTS OF WORLD WAR I
30 million soldiers were killed or severely wounded &
another 13 million civilians in Europe died from disease &
starvation
These statistics had long-lasting social, political, &
economic impacts
Country
Africa
Australia
Austria-Hungary
Belgium
Britain
Bulgaria
Canada
Caribbean
France
Germany
Greece
India
Italy
Japan
Montenegro
New Zealand
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Serbia
South Africa
Turkey
USA
Dead
Wounded
Missing
THE
GREAT
WAR
10,000
-
Total
58,150
922,000
44,000
658,700
87,500
56,500
1,000
1,359,000
1,600,000
5,000
43,200
689,000
300
3,000
16,130
7,222
335,706
1,700,000
45,000
7,000
250,000
58,480
10,000
210,320
5,377,283
494,000
3,050,000
266,919
206,200
4,000
5,920,650
5,768,000
27,000
114,250
1,424,660
1,210
20,000
56,880
33,291
535,706
6,700,000
331,106
19,000
650,000
262,725
152,170
3,600,000
450,000
2,032,150
152,390
149,700
3,000
4,200,000
4,065,000
21,000
65,175
959,100
907
10,000
40,750
13,751
120,000
5,000,000
133,148
12,000
400,000
189,955
Results of WWI
855,283
359,150
27,029
361,650
103,000
1,000
5,875
3
7,000
12,318
80,000
152,958
14,290
Armenian Massacre
• Wanted own state in Ottoman Empire
• Government disarmed them because they
were afraid they were sympathetic to Russia
• Killed 1 million Armenians in death
marches
• The Allies wanted to take away the Turkish
heartland
• Ataturk fought back and got Turkey
declared a secular state in 1920