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Name_______________________________________ Date__________________________ Period_____ What were the causes of WWI? What was the spark the ignited the start of WWI? The policy that kept the United States out of the war for three years was called Why did America need the Allies to win the war? What did the Zimmerman Telegram state? The time has come for the Big Idea • The United States Enter WWI - Although the United States tried to remain neutral, events soon pushed the nation into World War I Assassination • June 28, __________________, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia, by a _________________nationalist belonging to an organization known as the Black Hand The Great War Has Begun • One week after Austria Hungary’s attack on Serbia, the five major European nations were at ___ • Eventually it will include ____________________________ on six continents American Neutrality • Wilson declared the United States to be______________________. He did not want his country pulled into a foreign war. • Neutrality-the state of not taking sides, especially in a war or dispute • America had followed a policy of neutrality at the beginning of WWI Support for Allies • Americans soon began to take sides based of their immigrant roots • But overall most of the country was _________________ for the ____________________ Business Links • Business interests leaned toward the Allies. • US banks heavily loaned money to the Allies • As a result we needed the Allies to win, to ensure __________________________ Propaganda • British used _____________(information designed to influence opinion) to win American support Submarines • In 1914, Germans introduced the U-Boat, or ________________. It proved to be highly effective. • During World War I, Germans engaged in unrestricted submarine warfare meaning they attacked any and all ships from enemy countries. Lusitania Is Sunk • The British passage liner, ____________________, was torpedoed and sunk by German U-boats • Germans claimed the ship was carrying ammunition • ____________ total killed • _________________Americans • Americans were outraged and edged towards war with Germany Tensions Rising • The crisis over submarine warfare led the US to take steps to strengthen its military. In 1916 the US doubled the size of our army and provided funds to build new war ships. Even with the military build-up president Wilson still hoped to stay out of the war. ___________________ Telegraph • German foreign secretary sends a message to the German ambassador in Mexico • Intercepted by British intelligence • Note suggested that Mexico ally itself with Germany _______________ would be given back New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas – lands taken from them by the U.S. War Is Declared • In February 1917, Germany went back to unrestricted submarine warfare and, soon after, sank six American merchant ships. • On April 6, ______________, the United States ___________________________ against Germany. What was the most compelling reason for the United States to enter World War I? Airplanes • What are American Soldiers referred to as? Why were trenches built? • • What are negatives of trench warfare? Planes were used for the _______________________ in battle, having been invented about 15 years before the war. Doughboys • Millions of American troops marched into bloody stalemate • American soldiers were inexperienced but they were fresh Selective Service Act • As the United States entered the war; it was necessary to recruit more soldiers. • ________________, or forced military service • A new system, called selective service, resulted in about 2.8 million Americans being drafted. Trench Warfare Basic Information • New weapons used seemed to be made more for defense; so trenches were made for the soldier’s protection. • There are two sides. • Middle = _____________________________ Modern War • Warfare had changed • New technologies did not speed up war but __________________ more people more effectively • Trench warfare created a ___________________- no side moved for long periods of time Trench Warfare Conditions: • _______ • Flooded trenches • Decaying flesh • _______ • _______________ • _______________ New Weapons Poison _______ • ____________ • Airplanes _____________ • Flame throwers • Submarines • In the Average battle a 100,000 men would die Shell Shock • Many soldier experienced Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder • Symptoms of _________________________ Staring eyes Violent tremors Blue, cold extremities. Unexplained deafness, blindness, or paralysis Summary- To summarize your notes make an acrostic poem of the word Great War. Use each letter What were new technologies of WWI? as the first word to describe something you learned for the lecture today. G________________________________________ ___________ W________________________________________ ___________ R________________________________________ __________ A________________________________________ __________ E________________________________________ ___________ R________________________________________ ___________ A________________________________________ __________ T________________________________________ __________