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The Battle of New Orleans
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1607-1776
1776-1783
1777-1787
1788-1825
Thirteen English Colonies
Revolutionary Era
Confederation Era
Early Republic
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1789-1797 George Washington President
1797-1801 John Adams President
1801-1809 Thomas Jefferson President
• 1803 – Louisiana Purchase
• 1809-1817 James Madison President
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1825-1861
1861-1865
Growing Nation
Civil War
War of 1812
How did the War of
1812 change the
United States?
George Washington
• First president of
the United States
• Served two terms
from 1789 – 1797
Issues the American
Proclamation of
Neutrality
• Britain and France ignore American
neutrality and seized American ships
and cargo
John Adams
(Federalist)
• Second president
of the United
States
• Served one term
from 1797 – 1801
XYZ Affair – American
diplomats asked to pay a
bribe to meet with the
French foreign minister
Thomas Jefferson
(Democratic–Republican)
• Third president of the
US
• Served two terms from
1801 – 1809
Embargo Act – banned all
trade with Britain and
France but hurt U.S.
business and caused an
economic depression
James Madison
(Democratic-Republican)
• Fourth
president of
the United
States
• Served two
terms from
1809 – 1817
Causes
1. British impressment of American
sailors
Causes
2. British support of Native American
attacks on American settlers
Causes
3. War Hawks- Congressmen who put
pressure on government to declare war
because they wanted Canada
• Henry Clay
(Kentucky)
• John C. Calhoun
(South Carolina)
Disadvantages
United States
• Weak military
• Limited financial
resources
• New England
opposed war
Great Britain
• Didn’t want war
• Used secondstring resources
• Treasury was
depleted
The American army
experienced many defeats
at the beginning of the war
Events
1. U.S. naval victory in
the Battle of Lake Erie
gave the United States
control of the Great
Lakes
British naval
power
was superior
and
their warships
blockaded
coastal
cities
2. British troops attacked and burned
Washington, D.C.
• President Madison
and members of
Congress escaped
from the city.
Dolly Madison
Stayed behind
until the last
minute and
saved many
important
historical
objects from
the White
House before it
burned.
3. Francis Scott Key wrote “The StarSpangled Banner”, our national anthem
while he watched the British navy shell
Ft. McHenry at Baltimore, Maryland. The
fort never surrendered.
Star Spangled Banner
Oh say can you see by the dawn's early light
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's
last gleaming
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through
the perilous fight
O'er the ramparts we watched were so
gallantly streaming
And the rockets' red glare the bombs bursting
in air
Gave proof through the night that our flag was
still there
O say does that star-spangled banner yet wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the
brave
4. Battle of New Orleans- General
Andrew Jackson becomes a national hero
by defeating the British
•Battle fought (unknowingly) two
weeks after the peace treaty was signed
Treaty of Ghent (1814)
• Terms: return to prewar territorial
conditions
• War was a stalemate – ended in
cease-fire/truce and a return to
the status quo
Results of the War of 1812
1. U.S. preserved its independence from
Great Britian - European nations finally
recognized U.S. independence
2. U.S. manufacturing grew - because
America could not get European goods
during wartime
3. Increased American patriotism People began thinking of themselves
more as “Americans” than as citizens of
individual states