Download war of 1812

James Madison and the War of 1812
Bell Ringer -December 3, 2014
Explain some reasons why countries may go to war.
Agenda:
1. Bell Ringer / Attendance
2. The War of 1812
Tecumseh
• Increasing demands of settlers sparked
Native American resistance in the Ohio
River Valley
• Tecumseh, a Shawnee leader, wanted
tribes to unite to protect Native
American lands
Battle of Tippecanoe

William Henry Harrison, Governor of
the Indiana Territory, led soldiers who
defeated Native Americans during the
Battle of Tippecanoe


The Battle of Tippecanoe left ¼ of
Harrison’s troops dead, but the
impact on the Indian’s was far greater
Indians felt conquered and fled to
Canada this added to the belief that
the British were supporting and
arming them
The Drift to War
“War Hawks”
• Young men from the
South and the West.
• WAR!!!
• Demanded war against Britain to acquire
Canada and against Spain, to acquire
Florida.
• John C. Calhoun of South Carolina.
• Henry Clay of Kentucky.
Causes of the War of 1812
1. Election of War Hawks
2. Freedom of the seas.
– Impressment
– Blockade
3. American resentment of Britain.
4. American belief that the Brits in Canada were
arming and encouraging the Indians.
5. American ambition to annex Canada and
Florida.
Territorial expansion v. maritime rights?
War of 1812 AKA
Mr. Madison’s War
• In June 1812, Madison asked Congress to
declare war on England.
• The vote split , with the South and West
generally voting for the war while the
Northeast was against it
• Conquering Canada was the primary objective
at the start
• Three attacks on Canada failed
Early Days of War
• British set up a blockade of
the American coast
– Blockade – shutting a port
or road to prevent people
or supplies from coming
into an area or leaving
– This could hurt the
economy and make it more
challenging for America to
import supplies for the war
Burning of the White House
• The U.S. captured and burned the Canadian
city of York.
• In return, the British marched on Washington
D.C. They burned the White House, the
Capitol, and other buildings
• President James Madison and Dolley Madison
were able to escape in time
Treaty of Ghent
• December 24, 1814 negotiators signed the Treaty of
Ghent, ending the War of 1812
– Restored prewar boundaries, did not mention neutral rights
and no territory changed hands
• US gained respect as a world power
• There was now as sense of US patriotism and national
unity
• Four years later in the Convention of 1818, the US and
Canada agreed on the Minnesota to Rocky Mountain
border, and agreed to jointly claim the Oregon Country
Battle of
New Orleans
• 1815, British fleet landed near
New Orleans
• General Andrew Jackson laid in
wait, he told his troops to use
cotton bales to absorb British
bullets
• New Orleans was an embarrassing
defeat for the British
• Andrew Jackson became a
National hero and the Federalist
party of New England was
destroyed
Results of the War of 1812
1. Growth of American Nationalism.
• Star-Spangled Banner. Often referred to as
the Second War for American Independence.
2. Strengthening of isolationism.
3. Increase in westward migration.
4. Encouragement of American Industry.
5. Disappearance of the Federalist Party.