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Chapter 10
America Claims An Empire
Ch 10 Id and Define
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Section 1
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Queen Liluokalani
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Imperialism
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Alfred T. Mahan
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William Seward
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Pearl Harbor
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Sanford B. Dole
Section 2
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Jose Marti
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Valeriano Weyler
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Yellow journalism
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U.S.S. Maine
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George Dewey
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Rough Riders
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San Juan Hill
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Treaty of Paris
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Section 3
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Foraker Act
Platt Amendment
Protectorate
Emilio Aguinaldo
John Hay
Open Door Notes
Boxer Rebellion
Section 4
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Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
Dollar diplomacy
Francisco “Pancho” Villa
Emiliano Zapata
John J. Pershing
Section 1 Imperialism and America
 American
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Expansionism
Imperialism, policy in which stronger nations
extend their economic, political, or military
control over weaker territories
Global competition
• European nations had been establishing colonies
for centuries
American manifest destiny
 Desire
for Military Strength
 Thirst
for new Markets
 Belief
in Cultural Superiority
The United States Acquires Alaska
 Secretary
of state William Seward ( under
Lincoln and Johnson) convinced the U.S.
to buy Alaska from Russia
 7.2 Million dollars or 2 cents an acre
 Nick named Seward’s Folly or Seward’s
Ice box
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Rich in Oil, gold, timber and minerals
The United States Takes Hawaii
 American
merchants had lived on the
Hawaiian islands since 1790’s
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They sold sugar cane mostly to America
the Mid-19th century Americans owned
about ¾ of the wealth
 The McKinley Tariff provoked a crisis by
eliminating duty free sugar
 The planters called for annexation
 In
The End of a Monarchy
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Hawaii for Hawaiians
agenda of Queen
Liliuokalani after she
took over from her
father King Kalakaua
 encouraged revolt by
American Sugar
growers
 Ambassador John L.
Stevens organized a
revolution with the
help of the marines
US troops in Hawaii
Cont.
 Sanford
B. Dole headed the new
government
 President Cleveland directed the queen be
restored to her throne
 Power was never truly restored
 After William McKinley took office he
annexed it on August 12, 1898 during the
Spanish American war
Section 2
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Spanish-American War
Cubans Rebel Against Spain
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A colony for over 300 years
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Spain sent The Butcher Weyler (Valeriano
Weyler) to crush the rebellion
 Yellow journalism
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Incites and adds to the resentment against Spain
De Lome – Spanish Ambassador wrote a letter in
which he bad mouthed McKinley
The explosion of the U.S.S. Maine was blamed on
Spain
Cont.
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On April 30, 1898 Commodore George Dewey
attacked the Spanish in the Philippine (Filipinos)
 Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt along
with the10th Calvary – take Cuba
 Treaty of Paris
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John Hay called it “a splendid little war”
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Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
Cuba
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Teller Amendment – give independence
Platt Amendment – delayed Cuba’s independence
Section 3 Acquiring New Lands
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Ruling Puerto Rico
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Had not been promised independence
Bring protection “protectorate”
Foraker Act – enabled military rule
Puerto Rico gained citizenship in 1917
Cuba
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Teller Amendment was delayed with the Platt
Amendment
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Cuba could not make treaties
U.S. had right to intervene
Cuba could not go into debt
U.S. could buy or lease land
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Filipinos Rebel
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Emilio Aguinaldo believed that the U.S. had promised
them independence
He led a revolt in Feb. 1899
Anger at the U.S. suppressing a rebellion
After 3 years the rebellion was suppressed
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20,000 Filipino rebels died
4,000 Americans
400 million dollars
Gained its independence on July 4, 1946
Foreign Influence in China
of Influence – one country
controlling another
 John Hay wanted to keep China Open for
trade
 Sphere
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Open Door Policy – everyone could trade
equally in China
 Boxer
Rebellion in China was suppressed
by both the Chinese government and the
American/European forces
Section 4 America as a World
Power
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Theodore Roosevelt
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Peace Maker – Negotiating a settlement of RussoJapanese war
Nobel peace prize in 1906
Panama Canal
a man a plan a canal panama
amanap lanac a nalp a nam a
– Britain gave the U.S.
exclusive rights to build and control the
canal
 2 possible routes
 Hay-Pauncefote
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Nicaragua – much of it crossed a lake
Panama ( a Colombian province) – shorter
• U.S. needed to get permission from Colombia
• When negotiations broke down Philippe BunauVarilla helped to organize a rebellion against
Colombia
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
 Addition
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to the Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. will intervene if a Latin American
country does something that may put them in
danger.
Dollar Diplomacy
• Guaranteed loans to foreign countries to keep
European powers out of Latin America
BIG STICK DIPLOMACY
 Speak
softly and Carry a big stick
Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary
Diplomacy
 Diaz,
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Madero, Huerta, and Carranza
Wilson looks to oust Huerta
Uses a incident to do so
Take notes on your own starting on 363
• Use the headlines in the book
• Underline names and terms
• There will be a quiz on this portion of your book
tomorrow