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US HISTORY B
60 Concepts
Exam Preparation
MIDTERM 60 CONCEPTS
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Number 1:
What were some of the key
fundamental industries that showed
economic weaknesses prior to the
stock market crash of 1929?
railroads, textiles, and steel
Number 2:
During the Great Depression,
excessive loans and debt caused the
__________ industry to collapse
and go from a $10 billion dollar
industry to a $4 billion dollar
industry in 1921.
farming
Number 3:
During the Great Depression,
expressions such as "Hoovervilles"
and "Hoover blankets" showed that
President Hoover ___________.
was blamed for the suffering of the poor
Number 4:
What caused investors to engage in
panic selling in 1929?
the fear of further investment losses.
Number 5:
Which methods of buying stocks or
bonds on credit caused buyers to be
unable to pay the balance of the
worth of the stock or bond once the
Depression hit?
buying on margin
Number 6:
Which states were most damaged by
the Dust Bowl?
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas
Number 7:
During the Great Depression, what
advantage did people living in the
rural areas of the United States
have, as opposed to those living in
the cities?
Most farmers in rural areas could be self–
sufficient and provide for their families.
Number 8:
8 Which of FDR's New Deal programs
led to the construction and
improvement of over 600,000 miles
of roads and the building of over
800 airports?
Works Progress Administration
Number 9:
What New Deal agency increased the
stability of financial institutions
during the Great Depression by
offering protection of money in the
event of a bank failure?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC)
Number 10:
How did Japan justify the surprise
attack against the United States
Navy at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on
December 7th, 1941?
Japan saw the United States as a serious threat to its long term plans
for Asia and the Pacific.
Japan wanted to remove the United States‘ ability to project military
power in Asia.
Faced with the threat of a U.S. economic embargo, Japan saw no
reason not to take what it needed in Asia.
Number 11:
The Battle of Midway and the Battle of
the Coral Sea had what effect on
Japan's plans for the Pacific?
It prevented the capture of the islands
there and possibly Hawaii.
Number 12:
Japanese Americans from both Hawaii
and the continental United States
were assigned to __________
which became the most highly
decorated unit for its size in WWII?
442nd Regimental Combat Team
Number 13:
During the early years of World War
II, the Lend Lease Act was an effort
by the United States to
__________.
help the allies without getting into the war
Number 14:
The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937
show the United States' desire to
__________.
isolate itself from European conflicts
Number 15:
How did the roles of both married and
single women change in the years
of 1941 to 1945?
Women, regardless of marital status,
began to take jobs in previously male–
dominated roles and industries.
Number 16:
The unprovoked sneak attack at Pearl
Harbor ultimately resulted in which
groups being sent to internment
camps as a means of increasing
domestic security during World War
II?
Japanese nationals as well as Japanese
Americans
Number 17:
What effect did the economic
mobilization of the United States for
WWII have on the population of the
United States?
U.S. citizens moved from the south to the
northern and western United States to
take newly available war industry factory
jobs.
Number 18:
Which of the following was the most
significant single weapon developed
during World War II?
atomic bomb
Number 19:
Rationing was used during World War
II by the federal government to
__________.
provide more resources for the military
Number 20:
During World War II, the German's
introduced Blitzkrieg.
What BEST describes what Blitzkrieg
referred to?
It referred to the German military strategy
of using surprise to quickly crush
opposition.
Number 21:
The increase in white collar, service,
and professional sector jobs
following WWII can be attributed to
which of the following causes?
returning war veterans re–entering the
work force
Number 22:
The late 1940s economic boom, in the
United States, took place following
the end of __________.
WWII
Number 23:
Which of the following actions did
President Truman request in a
special Congressional session to
attempt to stop workers from
striking?
He requested the authority to draft any
striking workers into the army.
Number 24:
What was the MAIN goal of the GI Bill
of Rights of 1944?
to provide economic aid for veterans
Number 25:
During the 1950's the government
tried to help poor inner city
residents and eliminate poverty
with __________ programs.
urban renewal
Number 26:
Which of the following acts did
President Nixon attempt to veto
after full passage by Congress and
was designed to limit the special
powers of the president by
reaffirming Congress's right to
declare war?
The War Powers Act
Number 27:
The post WWII economy of the 1950's
and 1960's was so strong due to
technological innovation that
upwardly mobile families left the
often dilapidated cities in favor of
__________.
suburbs just outside the city
Number 28:
What was the significance of the
Woodstock festival in 1969?
It is considered to be the pinnacle of the
counterculture movement in the United
States.
Number 29:
• What music form originated in the
1950s and exploded into
popularity?
rock and roll
Number 30:
Why is the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights although not legally
binding considered to be a very
important piece of work inside the
United Nations?
It was felt that given the implications of
the Holocaust in WWII the U.N. charter
should be supplemented with a direct
codification of human rights.
Number 31:
What Does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Number 32:
What was the primary purpose of the
START II treaty between the United
States and the Russian Federation?
START II was designed to eliminate ¾ of
the nuclear warheads in five countries.
Number 33:
How did the collapse of the Soviet
Union in 1991 effect the START
treaty?
United States negotiated with the
individual countries that had ceded
themselves from the former Soviet Union
for continuation of the START treaty.
Number 34:
What is the START treaty between the
United States and Soviet Russia
during the Cold War?
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
Number 35:
What does SALT stand for with regards
to the treaty signed between the
United States and Communist
Russia during the Cold War?
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Number 36:
The SALT I Treaty had which of the
following effects on the Cold War?
limited the stock pile of weapons that the
U.S. and Soviets could have
Number 37:
President Eisenhower cut millions in
defense spending with a new
defense policy which threatened the
use of nuclear weapons to fight
communism. The new defense
policy was known as __________.
Massive Retaliation
Number 38:
Gorbachev contributed to the end of
the Cold War by __________.
redirecting Soviet funds from nuclear arms
to domestic reforms
Number 39:
How did the United States attempt to
secure the release of U.S. hostages
held by pro Iranian militants in
Lebanon?
By attempting to trade military arms to
Iran for hostage releases in Lebanon
Number 40:
What event in Mexico 1938 both
surprised and outraged the United
States?
Mexico's nationalization of all foreign
owned oil properties.
Number 41:
The "Bracero Program," effective
between 1942 and 1964, legally
allowed _________.
Mexican workers to immigrate to the
United States on a work visa and pick
crops
Number 42:
"We conclude that in the field of public education,
the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no
place. Separate educational facilities are
inherently unequal...“
–Chief Justice Earl Warren,
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
This quote illustrates the Supreme Court's
power to ______.
overrule state laws
Number 43:
Which of the following best illustrates
the ideals of Affirmative Action?
Colleges should actively recruit minority
students.
Number 44:
What was the purpose of California
Proposition 209?
to end affirmative action in state programs
Number 45:
Rosa Parks gained fame in the Civil Rights
Movement for refusing to give up her
seat to a white man
on a bus.
Number 46:
Civil rights leader Malcolm X founded
the __________.
Organization of Afro-American Unity
Number 47:
Martin Luther King, Jr., received the
__________ in honor of his nonviolent civil rights work and efforts.
Nobel Peace Prize
Number 48:
Clarence Thomas was the second
African American Supreme Court
judge.
Who was the first?
Thurgood Marshall
Number 49:
Which of the following was the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 passed to
correct?
racial and gender discrimination
Number 50:
What was the significance of the 24th
amendment?
it outlawed poll taxes
Number 51:
The 1960s book by Betty Friedan, "The
Feminine Mystique," was influential
because it ________.
energized the women's rights movement
Number 52:
In a speech at the University of Michigan in
May 1964, President Johnson outlined a
legislative program that would end
poverty and racial injustice. His program
was the
Great Society
Number 53:
We choose to go to the moon in this
decade and do other things not because
they are easy, but because they are
hard...
This quote was part of a famous speech by
President
John Kennedy
Number 54:
A consistent indicator of poverty in
American society is
education level
Number 55:
President Richard Nixon attempted to
"make peace with our nature"
during his administration by
__________.
creating the Environmental Protection
Agency
Number 56:
California's 1994 controversial ballot
initiative Proposition 187 was
written to address the state's
growing issue of ________?
illegal immigration
Number 57:
The 1973 landmark case of Roe V.
Wade asserted that most laws
involving a highly debated social
issue violated a person's
Constitutional right to privacy. What
was that social issue?
abortion
Number 58:
• Why did president Nixon refuse the
court order to release the
Watergate tapes?
The tapes were made illegally without the knowledge of those being
taped
The tapes contained incriminating evidence about the presidents
activities concerning Watergate
The tapes were said to contain statements that concerned national
security
Number 59:
In what way did the creation of
suburban America contribute to the
changing role of women within the
nuclear family?
Both parents needed to work outside of the
home out of necessity in order to afford a
new home outside the city
Number 60:
The Pure Food and Drug Act and the
Meat Inspection Act indicate the
government's commitment to
__________.
consumer protection