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Respiratory System Write the BLACK Read the RED WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM? Follow along on pg. 99 of workbook Functions of the Respiratory System bring O2 (oxygen) into the body and excretes CO2 (carbon dioxide) a by-product of cellular respiration Cells can’t burn nutrients for E without oxygen (O2) (like a candle under a cup) Cellular Respiration =in mitochondria Nutrients + oxygen E + carbon dioxide + water The air we breathe The air we inhale is : Nitrogen (N) 78% Oxygen (O2) 21% Carbon Dioxide 0.04% The air we exhale is: Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 16% Carbon Dioxide 5% Other gases Other < 1% <1% Using pg. 173 of textbook, fill in pg. 99 of workbook Check your answers 1. Nose 2. Nasal passage 3. Trachea 4. Lungs 5. Pharynx 6. Epiglottis 7. Larynx 8. Bronchi Lung model Nasal passages o Function: o hairs filter air o mucus warms and moistens air The Pharynx (throat) • Function: • air trachea and food esophagus. • When swallowing, epiglottis seals trachea. Larynx (voice box) • Function: • Carries air • produces sound • The epiglottis closes when food is swallowed blocking the airway (no sound) Naturally 7- vocal range Warning: Next slide is a bit graphic Trachea • Function: • filters with cilia larynx trachea trachea bronchus • warms and moistens with mucus. • Cartilage rings = keep it rigid and open. Cartilage rings Collapsed esophagus Lungs Snot Fair Activity 10 ml of water 10 ml of corn syrup 1 drops of food colour 100 ml beaker. 1.5 g of gelatine pencil shavings Add 10 ml water, 10 ml corn syrup and 1 drops of food colour into 100 ml beaker. Weigh out 1.5 g of gelatine, mix, and heat mixture until the gelatine has dissolved Carefully remove the heated beaker and stir until mixture is cool. It will thicken as it cools (about 20 minutes). Pour a small amount onto your palm and add a sprinkle of pencil shavings. Watch what happens. Bronchi • Function: trachea • Carry air to and from lungs. • Branches into bronchioles bronchioles bronchi Lungs Function: gas exchange between body and external world The lungs There are 2 lungs which are not identical. Why? Homework pg. 100 in workbook Lab #55 Physical activity and Respiratory Rhythm Australian resp. movie Follow along on pg. 101 in workbook REMEMBER????? Air = mix of gases, gases are compressible= volume can increase or decrease Changes in volume = changes in P Fluids ALWAYS flow from high P to low P Use pg. 175 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of workbook (top chart) Check Your Answers Inhaling The 1. Intercostal muscles and Respiratory system diaphragm contract 2. Ribs rise, diaphragm lowers= increase size of rib cage 3. Lung volume increases 4. Air pressure inside lungs = decreases (lower than outside) 5. O2 rich air flows into lungs until pressure is equal Inhaling The 1. Intercostal muscles and Respiratory system diaphragm relax 2. Ribs lower, diaphragm rises = decrease size of rib cage 3. Lung volume decreases 4. Air pressure inside lungs = increases (higher than outside) 5. CO2 rich air flows from lungs to outside until pressure is equal Use pg. 176 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of workbook (bottom picture) Check Your Answers Bronchiole Network capillaries Alveolus O2 into blood CO2 from blood capillary Gas Exchange- Inhale the alveoli are filled with air. Lungs = higher concentration of oxygen (O2) than blood the oxygen diffuses (a movement of particles) from lungs blood and attaches to the red blood cells (RBC’s). Gas Exchange- Exhale Blood = higher concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) than the lungs Carbon dioxide diffuses from blood lungs where it is excreted (process of eliminating waste) as we exhale. Discussion pg. 195 in textbook, Q 7-9 Let’s go for a smoke activity Materials needed: 1 clear - not colored bottle 2 moistened cotton balls 1 length of clear tubing 1 cigarette and lighter Procedure: 1. place the moistened cotton balls inside before recapping the bottle. 2. Insert tubing so that it runs into the bottom of the bottle. (the other end of the tip protrudes from the top) 3. insert one cigarette into the protruding tip end of tubing (you may have to scrunch the cigarette a bit). Light the cigarette – then very gently begin squeezing the bottle to simulate "breathing." Homework questions 1) What parts of the respiratory system are represented by: the bottle, tube, cotton balls? 2) What (be specific) is causing the observed colour change? 3) What chemicals and substances are found in cigarettes (first 5 ONLY) ? 4) What is nicotine? 5) Describe what you did and what you observed? Supplement your answer with your knowledge from class. (this q =approx ½ page) Homework: pg. 102 of workbook DIGESTIVE RESPIRATORY WHAT IT DOES food--> nutrients oxygen (O2) in broken down by: carbon dioxide mechanical- chew, (CO2) out churn, peristalsis chemical- acids, enzymes, pepsin HOW IT LINKS nutrients O2 taken by absorbed in blood to cells small intestine as needed to go into blood to burn nutrients be taken to cells for E CO2 produced by cells taken to lungs by blood Bill Nye- Respiration