Download Respiratory System054

The Respiratory System
Function and Organs
The Respiratory System
 Its basic function is
to supply our body
cells with oxygen.
 Excretes carbon
dioxide from the
body.
Breathing
 Breathing is the process where fresh
air moves into your lungs and old air
moves out.
 Fresh air contains oxygen.
 This is the result of change in air
pressure in your lungs.
Aerobic Respiration
 Chemical reaction that takes place in your
body cells.
 This chemical reaction
releases energy from glucose
in the mitochondria.
 See if you remember the chemical equation
for respiration!
Basic Organs and their function:
Nasal Cavity
 1. Contains tube like
passages enclosed by
facial bones.
 2. Contains plates in
each nostril which are
covered with a mucous
membranes that
moisten the air.
 3. Filters dust and
foreign particles.
 4. Raises the
temperature of cold air
before it enters the
lungs.
Pharynx
 1. Is the common
passage for air and
food.
 Located in the back
of the throat.
Epiglottis
 Thin structure that
folds over to close
the opening to the
trachea.
 Voluntary muscle
control.
(swallowing)
 Prevents food from
entering the lungs.
Larynx
 Airway to which your vocal cords are
attached.
 This leads to your trachea
(windpipe).
Trachea (windpipe)
 1. Tube with rings
of cartilage that
connects the larynx
to the lungs.
 Lined with mucous
and cilia (hair-like
structure needed
to filter the air.
(10 cm)
4 inches
Bronchial Tubes
 1. At the end of the
trachea, the tubes
separate into two
branches called bronchi.
 2. Divided into many
tiny tubes which
penetrate into all parts of
the lungs called
bronchioles.
 Lined with mucous
membranes and cilia.
Alveoli are tiny, thin walled air sacs that exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide with the blood. They are surrounded by
blood vessels called Capillaries.
http://video.about.com/asthma/HowLungs-Function.htm
Diaphragm
 1. Is a muscle that
separates the thoracic
cavity from the
abdominal cavity.
 2. Aids in breathing by
changing the
pressure in the
thorax (chest) when it
contracts, allowing
air to rush in and fill
the lungs.
The Respiration Process
Inspiration (inhale)
 1. Fresh air flows
into the lungs, O2
 2. the trachea and
nostrils open up,
 3. the rib muscles
expand (relax) and
the diaphragm
contracts, and
 4. the chest cavity
increases and air
rushes in.
Exhalation (exhale)
 1. Air flows out of the
lungs,
 2. relaxation occurs in
the trachea and
nostrils,
 3. the rib muscles
contract, and the
diaphragm relaxes.
 4. the size of the chest
cavity decreases, and
air flows out.
Regulation of respiration
 1. Controlled by the
respiratory center in
the brain.
 2. Respiration rate is
affected by:





A. excitement
B. temperature
C. exercise
D. fever or pain, and
E. oxygen levels in
the blood (and brain)
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