Download The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System
Gaining oxygen from the
environment while riding the body
of water and carbon dioxide
Breathing vs. Respiration
• Breathing is the movement of air into and
out of the lungs.
• Respiration is the releasing of energy
through chemical reactions that act on
oxygen and glucose inside cells.
Nose
• The nose is where air enters into the
nostrils. The nose is lined with cilia and
mucus.
Cilia
• Cilia traps particles of dirt and dust from
the air. The cilia filters the air we breathe.
Mucus
• Mucus warms and moistens the air that
enters the body. Mucus is present in the
nasal cavity and other locations
throughout the body.
Pharynx
• Another term for the throat, which is the
passageway that air enters through the
nose.
• Food also enters via the pharynx.
Trachea
• A tube made of cartilage that leads from
the pharynx toward the lungs.
Cartilage Rings
• Rings around the trachea that strengthen
the trachea and keep it open.
Bronchi
• Branches that lead from the trachea into the
lungs. Bronchi passageways get smaller and
smaller until they reach the alveoli. The right
and left bronchi lead to each lung; part of them
are inside and part are outside of the lungs.
Alveoli
• Alveoli are tiny sacs of lung tissue that
allow oxygen to pass into the blood and
carbon dioxide to pass out of the blood.
Lungs
• The main organs of the respiratory
system. Inside the lungs are
passageways called bronchi which direct
air into the lungs.
Diaphragm
• The diaphragm is a large arched muscle
that moves downward when inhaling to
allow more air in, and moves upward when
exhaling to push more air out.
Epiglottis
• The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that seals
off the windpipe to prevent food from
entering into the airways.
Larynx
• The larynx is the voce box of the body; it is
located in the top of the trachea under the
epiglottis.
Vocal Chords
• The vocal chords are folds of connective
tissue that stretch across the larynx (voice
box) to produce a person’s voice.