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Respiratory
System
Ms. Bowman
Functions
• Supply the body with oxygen
• Dispose of carbon dioxide
Components
• Made up of the nose,
nasal cavity, pharynx,
larynx, trachea,
bronchi (and smaller
branches), lungs (and
its components)
Nose
• Only externally visible part of the
respiratory system
• Functions
•
•
•
•
Provides an airway for respiration
Moistens and warms entering air
Filters and cleans inhaled air
Serves as a resonating chamber for
speech
• Houses olfactory (smell) receptors
• 2 nostrils divided by a
cartilaginous septum
Pharynx
• Connects the nasal cavity
and mouth to the larynx
and esophagus
• Also called the throat
• Walls are lined with
muscles (for swallowing)
Larynx
• Also called the voice box
• Between the pharynx and the
trachea
• Houses vocal cords
• 3 functions
• Provide an open airway
• Act as a switching mechanism to
route air and food into proper
channels
• Voice production
Trachea
• Also called windpipe
• Extends from larynx
into the mediastinum
(**remember-the
cavity in the chest that
houses the heart) to the
bronchi
• Cilia(hairlike
projections) line the
wall and filter debris
from entering the lungs
Bronchi
• The bronchi and its branches
are often referred to as the
Bronchial Tree (because it
looks like a tree branching
off of the trachea)
• 2 main bronchi branch off
from the trachea and then
continue to branch off inside
of each lung
• At the end of the terminal
bronchioles, there are alveoli
(thin-walled air sacs)
Lungs
• Paired lungs occupy all of the
thoracic cavity except the
mediastinum
• Each lung suspended in its
own pleural cavity and
connected to mediastinum by
vascular and bronchial
attachments
• The exchange of fresh oxygen
into the blood and carbon
dioxide waste product out of
the blood occurs at the alveoli