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Circulatory System Read chapter 23 introduction - 23.2 Reading quiz Wed (Notes checked) General function/purpose of the circulatory system? Composition (components) of blood Blood Solvent carries substances Osmotic balance Buffer (pH) Osmotic balance Buffer (pH) Clotting Defense Develop from pluripotent cells in red marrow of various bones Stem cells that can develop into any blood cell type or platelet forming cell Controlled by a kidney hormone erythropoietin Structures (organs) of the circulatory system Comparison of Arteries, veins, capillaries Fig. 23-7c Epithelium Epithelium Smooth muscle Connective tissue Capillary Basal lamina Valve Epithelium Smooth muscle Connective tissue Artery Vein Arteriole Venule Anatomy Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit Anatomy of Heart How would you test changes in circulatory rates? Liquid portion that carries many dissolved materials (proteins, ions) Function in clotting Function in the immune response: defense against invading microorganisms Transport oxygen Effects of common chemicals on Circulatory Rates in Goldfish Test one of each of the following solutions • • • • • Nicotine Ethanol Acetaminophen or ibuprofen Caffeine Adderall Make a hypothesis for each of the solutions above Include in Lab Report • Hypotheses • Data – Table – Appropriate graph (line or bar?) • Discussion (one page, double spaced) – Hypotheses supported? – Research chemical – Why these results? – Apply to your life Bibliography Cardiac Cycle Conduction system of the heart Exchange of materials • Capillaries have very thin walls • Substances can cross through these thin walls – Between blood and interstitial fluids Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Capillary lumen Capillary wall Interstitial fluid Nucleus of epithelial cell Muscle Clefts between cell the epithelial cells of the capillary wall – Blood and interstitial fluid exchange substances – By diffusion – By pressure flow through clefts between epithelial cells – Blood pressure forces fluid out of capillaries at the arterial end – Osmotic pressure draws in fluid at the venous end Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Tissue cells Blood pressure Interstitial fluid Osmotic pressure Osmotic pressure Arterial end of capillary Net fluid movement out Blood pressure Net fluid movement in Venous end of capillary Blood flow through capillaries can be regulated Question: starting in the left atrium, list in order the structures that the blood would flow through before returning to the left atrium