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Thursday September 25, 2014 Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT: - Identify the Union & Confederate states, advantages and strategy of each, and who won some of the early battles of the Civil War. AGENDA: 1) 2) 3) 4) WARM-UP: States Choose Sides Map CONCEPT: Civil War Begins & Strategy PARTNERS: Early Civil War Battles CLOSURE: Who Won the Early Battles? States Choose Sides Map WARM-UP: (Follow the directions below) ***5 Minutes*** DIRECTIONS: Use the map on P. A-31 to help you complete the map. Write the name of each state (abbreviation is ok) Color each of the following a different color: 1) Union States – Free States 2) Border States – Slave States that remained in the Union 3) Confederate States – Slave States that withdrew from the Union States Choose Sides Map DIRECTIONS: Use the map on P. A-31 to help you complete the map. Write the name of each state (abbreviation is ok) Color each of the following a different color: 1) Union States – Free States 2) Border States – Slave States that remained in the Union 3) Confederate States – Slave States that withdrew from the Union CHAPTER 4: THE UNION IN PERIL BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER THE CIVIL WAR 1850-1877 THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS: SECTION 2 The first battle of the Civil War (1861-1865) was fought at Fort Sumter, South Carolina on April 12, 1861 Soon after, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee seceded (Confederate states = 11) Virginia split on whether to leave Union (West Virginia formed) NORTH HAD ADVANTAGES The North and South were not evenly matched The North advantages: More people, More factories More food production More railroads Better communication Established Central government, $$$ Called UNION SOUTH HAD ADVANTAGES The South advantages: First rate military leadership Highly motivated soldiers Cotton Exports Fighting for their way of life Called CONFEDERACY Structured Academic Discussion In your opinion, who had more advantages and why? Strategy 1. Union a) Blockade Southern Ports (Map on P. 171) (no export of cotton---no import goods) b) Split Confederacy in two (Capture Mississippi River) c) Capture Capital Richmond, VA d) Goal: Reunite the Union 2. Confederacy a) Defensive War (protect your state) Attack the N only if the opportunity arises b) Goal: be recognized as a separate nation SOLDIERS SUFFERED ON BOTH SIDES Heavy casualties on both sides were worsened by conditions on the field Disease, poor nutrition, and inadequate medical care were common features of the war GETTYSBURG DISEASE ACCOUNTED FOR 76% OF DEATHS IN CIVIL WAR WOMEN WORK TO IMPROVE CONDITIONS While women were not in combat, 3,000 women served as Union nurses Clara Barton was a famous Union nurse Known as the “Angel on the Battlefield” she went on to form the American Red Cross after the war Structured Academic Discussion The strategy of the North was to … During the Civil War, women … Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor Shiloh New Orleans Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond OUTCOME Confederate Victory SIGNIFICANCE Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor Shiloh New Orleans Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor Shiloh New Orleans Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Union Victory South lost best chance to be recognized; Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Union Victory South lost best chance to be recognized; Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Both Confederate Victories Fred. – Union Gen. resigns & replaced Chanc. – “Stonewall” shot & dies Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Union Victory South lost best chance to be recognized; Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Both Confederate Victories Fred. – Union Gen. resigns & replaced Chanc. – “Stonewall” shot & dies Both Union Victories Turning point Union takes control of Miss Riv., Divides South; Lincoln issues Get. Add. Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Union Victory South lost best chance to be recognized; Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Both Confederate Victories Fred. – Union Gen. resigns & replaced Chanc. – “Stonewall” shot & dies Gettysburg & Vicksburg Both Union Victories Turning point Union takes control of Miss Riv., Divides South; Lincoln issues Get. Add. Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Union troops capture the South Total War – taking land & supplies; destroying homes, fields, railways Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Grant takes Petersburg & Richmond Civil War Battles Chart BATTLES 1st Bull Run Merrimack v. Monitor OUTCOME SIGNIFICANCE Confederate Victory Shocked the North; Lincoln called for troops; Appointed McClellan to head Army Neither was sunk; North kept Merrimack in harbor New kind of naval warfare; iron-clad ships Shiloh Union Victory Helped Union get control of Miss. River New Orleans Union Victory Cut off access to Miss., no longer transport Confederate prevented Union from capturing capital Disheartened Union, strategy to tire is working Confederate Victory Only 20 miles from Wash. D.C Union Victory South lost best chance to be recognized; Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Both Confederate Victories Fred. – Union Gen. resigns & replaced Chanc. – “Stonewall” shot & dies Gettysburg & Vicksburg Both Union Victories Turning point Union takes control of Miss Riv., Divides South; Lincoln issues Get. Add. Sherman takes Atlanta Begins “March to Sea” Union troops capture the South Total War – taking land & supplies; destroying homes, fields, railways Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Bull Run Antietam Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville Grant takes Confederate surrender Petersburg & Richmond End of Civil War – May 10 Jefferson Davis captured