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Pump-Up • How does the following quote promote slavery? “The negro slaves of the South are the happiest, and, in some sense, the freest people in the world. The children and the aged and infirm work not at all, and yet have all the comforts and necessities of life provided for them. They enjoy liberty, because they are oppressed neither by care nor labor.” • George Fitzhugh Lincoln & Secession Today’s Vocabulary • Lincoln-Douglas Debates – Event that put Lincoln into the national spot light. • Election of 1860 – Event in which Abraham Lincoln becomes president. • Fort Sumter – Beginning of Civil War. Abraham Lincoln • Self educated • War Hawk • Lawyer • Illinois General Assembly – Pushed for internal improvement. • U.S. House of Representatives – Opposed Mexican-American War. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Lincoln asks Douglas to defend popular sovereignty since the Dred Scott Decision made slavery legal every where. • Douglas’ response is known as the Freeport Doctrine. – If states do not want slavery, then they should make laws against it. • Lost support of Southern Democrats. • Lincoln doesn’t win election but, comes into the national spotlight. “A House Divided” • “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government can not endure, permanently, half slave and free.” • “I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divided.” • “It will become all one thing or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it…or its advocates will push it forward, till it shall become alike lawful in all the State, old as well as new—North as well as South.” Election of 1860 • Northern Democrats – Stephen Douglas • Southern Democrats – John C. Breckinridge • Constitutional Union Party – John Bell • Republican* – Abraham Lincoln Secession • Have the right to abolish an abusive gov’t and create a new one. – S.C. seceded 1st. – Other states wouldn’t secede unless federal gov’t used force against any southern state. • Lincoln wished to preserve Union. – Sent reinforcements to Fort Sumter, S.C. Confederate States of America • Jefferson Davis was elected president. • Southern Constitution – Protected slavery. – States have much power. – Gov’t couldn’t raise money. Crittenden Compromise • Proposed to keep the 36 30 line. – Slavery can expand but only within certain regions. Beginning of War • Lincoln’s Inauguration – Wouldn’t interfere with slavery where it already existed – He would do what was necessary to preserve the Union. • Fort Sumter – Lincoln decided to send nonmilitary supplies. – Confederacy attacks. Rush to War • Called for 75,000 volunteers. – Believed war could be won quickly. • Four more southern states secede. • Border states: – Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri – All stay within the Union b/c Lincoln just wants to prevent the spread of slavery. Reflection • Why does the South secede and why does this lead to the Civil War?