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Bell Ringer
What does reconstruct mean – after the
Civil War.
 What kind of US would it have been if
Lincoln would not have been
assassinated?

American History Chapter 5:
Reconstruction
I. Presidential Reconstruction
Objectives
Learn about conditions in the south
following the Civil War.
 Analyze Lincoln’s and Johnson’s
Reconstruction plans for similarities.
 Find out how newly freed slaves began
to rebuild their lives.

A) The War’s Aftermath
reconstruction: program to repair the
damage South and restore the South to the
Union.

War destroyed 2/3 of South shipping industry, 9,000
miles of rail, farm value fell 70%

North lost 364,000 and South 260,000 – 1 out of 3
Southern men killed

4 million freed slaves – hungry, jobless – plantation
owners lost 3 billion dollars worth of property – poor
white southerner had to move West for new life

Should the South be punished? Who is in charge of
Reconstruction? President or Congress? How do you
protect blacks civil rights?
2) Pardon: official forgiveness of a crime.
1)
B) Lincoln’s and Johnson’s
Reconstruction Plans

1)
2)
3)
4)
Lincoln (10% plan)
Pardon all after oath
No pardons to people
who killed African
Americans
After 10% take oath,
have a state
convention to write
new constitution
States hold elections
and resume being in
the Union

1)
2)
3)
4)


Johnson
Pardon all after oath
Hold state
constitutional
convention without
10%
Required to void
secession, slavery, and
cannot pay back debt.
Hold elections and
rejoin union.
No officers unless ask
Johnson personally
Hated rich
Congress did no like Lincoln’s plan
3) Radical Republicans: ultraconservatives – thought Civil War
was fought over slavery.
 Thought Lincoln too lenient – passed
Wade-Davis bill – strict – Lincoln pocket
vetoed it.
4) Pocket veto: bills that die when
Congress is out of session and the
president doesn’t sign or veto it.

C) The Taste of Freedom
Slaves now have freedom of movement – look for lost
family members
 Have freedom to own land – Sherman tried to give 40
acres of land to ex-slaves – Johnson gave it back.
 Black churches spring up
 Freedom to learn – between 1865 – 1870 – black
educators founded 30 African American college
5) Freedmen’s Bureau: created to help black
southerners adjust to freedom – first major
federal relief agency.
 Gave out clothing, medical supplies, and millions of
meals. - received formal education in Bureau schools

Review
What condition was the South in
following the Civil War?
 How were Lincoln’s and Johnson’s
Reconstruction plans similar?
 How did the newly freed slaves begin to
rebuild their lives?
