Download Civil War-Fighting Escalates

The Civil War:
The Fighting Escalates
3.Civil War and Reconstruction
a. Identify and analyze the
technological, social, and strategic
aspects of the Civil War
b. Explain the influence of Abraham
Lincoln’s philosophy of the Union
and his executive actions and
leadership on the course of the
Civil War
The Battle of Bull Run
-The Battle of Bull Run occurred 25 miles South
of D.C. on July 21st, 1861. General Thomas
“Stonewall” Jackson led the South to a victory.
However, Jackson did not invade D.C.
-Lincoln added more solders and appointed
George McClellan as general for the Union near
D.C. In February of 1862, Union leader Ulysses
S. Grant invaded western Tennessee.
-By June of 1862, Grant’s men had gained control
of most of the Mississippi River.
Depiction of the
Battle of Bull Run in 1861
Thomas
“Stonewall”
Jackson was a
significant
general for the
South in the
Civil War.
General Ulysses
S. Grant fought
for the North.
He was a pivotal
leader in taking
the Mississippi
River and
bringing it
under control of
the North.
The War for the Capitals: D.C. and Richmond
-In the Spring of 1862, McClellan led the Union
toward Richmond.
-McClellan stumbled upon General Robert E. Lee’s
written strategy and initiated a counter attack on
the South.
-McClellan attacked Lee when he was separated
from Stonewall Jackson. Lee retreated. McClellan
refused to attack Lee as he fled and felt pursuing
Lee would be too costly. Lincoln fired McClellan for
not pursuing Lee and crushing his troops.
George McClellan
fought for the
Northern Union.
However, due to his
passivity in not
pursuing General
Robert E. Lee when
he retreated from
Northern troops,
Lincoln fired
McClellan.
Robert E. Lee
was a leading
general for
the Southern
Confederacy.
The South and Britain
-The South thought Britain would have to
join them due to their abundant supply of
cotton.
-However, Britain really needed wheat and
corn, not more cotton.
-Also, abolitionism was very popular in
Britain and many British citizens asserted
that slavery was cruel, wicked, and
inhumane.
Abolitionism and the North
-Abolitionist feelings grew in the North as the war
continued.
-Lincoln capitalized on this and began noticeably to
connect the North’s goals with abolition. Lincoln’s
title as commander and chief gave him the power
to order soldiers to take enemy resources.
-On January 1st, 1863 he issued the
Emancipation Proclamation, which meant
soldiers could free the slaves of the South, but
NOT in the Border States.
“I do order and declare that all persons
held as slaves within these said
designated States and parts of States
are, and henceforward shall be free; and
that the Executive Government of the
United States, including military and
naval authorities thereof, will recognize
and maintain the freedom of said
persons.”
-Abraham Lincoln
The Emancipation Proclamation