Download The Road to War

Causes of the War
• SLAVERY WAS AN ISSUE, BUT NOT THE only
MAJOR ISSUE
• THE CAUSES ARE BROKEN DOWN INTO
FUNDAMENTAL AND IMMEDIATE
• FUNDAMENTAL- CAUSES THAT EVOLVE OVER
TIME..EXAMPLE..
• Fundamental -1) ECONOMICS 2) STATES
RIGHTS 3) SLAVERY, 4) Tariffs
• IMMEDIATE- JUST BEFORE THE ACTUAL EVENT
OCCURS..EXAMPLE..1) PRESIDENT LINCOLN IS
ELECTED/SOUTHERN STATES START LEAVING
The Road to War
A.Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
• South leaves the Union before
Lincoln takes oath of office
• Confederates begin to capture
federal military garrisons in South
• Fort Sumter in South Carolina needs
supplies.
• Confederacy attacks fort Sumter
while it was weak.
1st Battle of the Civil War
• April 12th, 1861 Confederates attack
Fort Sumter and win.
• Union’s Major Anderson has to
surrender due to lack of supplies
• After battle at Fort Sumter both sides
increase preparations for war
• Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina,
and Virginia seceded.
• Capital of Confederacy moved to
Richmond, Virginia
• This battle forces Lincoln to engage in
a war with the South
THE CIVIL WAR..
ABRAHAM
LINCOLN
JEFFERSON
DAVIS
• 1861-1865..NATIONS DEADLIEST
WAR…COMMONLY CALLED WAR BETWEEN
THE STATES…SPLIT NATION, STATES,
COMMUNITIES, FRIENDS, AND EVEN FAMILIES.
• CIVIL WAR..DEATHS 558,052..
VS. WORLD WAR II.. 407,316
• COST $5,183,000,000
COST $262,259,000,000
C.S.A STATES
BOTH SIDES SQUARE OFF…
• SOUTHERNERS FELT LIKE THE NORTH DID NOT HAVE
THE STOMACH TO FIGHT
• NORTH FELT LIKE THEY HAD THE ADVANTAGE IN
RESOURCES
• BOTH SIDES WERE WRONG…
• THE WAR WOULD LAST FOR FOUR YEARS…LEAVING
THOUSANDS DEAD AND THOUSANDS WOUNDED
• Border States: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky,
Missouri – did not secede
Resources
• North
* Population 2x the
size of south
* 100,000 factories
to make supplies
*22,000 miles of
sturdy railroad
track
*67% of farms
*Money system in
place
*Trained army
• South
* 800,000 men
who could fight
*20,000 factories
to make supplies
*9,000 miles of
weak railroad
track
*Best military
leaders
*Fought on
homeland and for
independence
Dates of Seccession
War Strategies
• Union Blockade: obstruct (block) all Confederate
Ports
*prevent South from selling cotton & making
money
*prevents south from importing goods and
supplies
*Blockade runner broke the blockade & got
supplies to the Confederacy
• Anaconda Plan: Union capture the Mississippi
River and split the Confederacy.
• King Cotton Diplomacy: South stop selling cotton
to France and Britain until they would help them
in the War
LINCOLN’S BLOCKADE…
First Manassas
First Bull Run
Civil War Virginia
American Civil War
July 21, 1861 C.S.A. WINS BATTLE!
Confederates lost 2,000 out of about 17,000 engaged
Union forces lost 2,900 out of the 20,000 men
Civil War Battles
• 1st. official battle of the Civil War is
the Battle of Manassas or Battle of
Bull Run- Confederate wins
• Most of the Civil War was fought on
Southern soil
• Virginia was the site of most of the
battles
• Battle of Antietam
*September 17, 1862
* Bloodiest Day of the Civil War 26,134 casualties
The Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg)
(The Bloodiest Day of the Civil War)
September 17, 1862
The Memorial Illumination of Antietam National Battlefield in
Sharpsburg, Maryland is dedicated to those brave soldiers who gave the
ultimate sacrifice so that you and I could enjoy the freedoms of today. We
light these candles tonight to honor those 23,110 soldiers, of both Blue
and Gray, who were casualties of the Battle of Antietam on September
17, 1862.
The luminaries were lighted and placed on the Battlefield today by over
800 volunteers. "
ANTIETAM BATTLE FIELD
UNION CANNON
UNION SHIP
UNION MORTARS
Emancipation Proclamation
• Issued on September 22, 1862
• Lincoln wanted the Confederacy to end
the war
• Affected 4 million slaves in the U.S.
• Confederacy had to end war by Jan. 1,
1863
• All slaves in states and districts
rebelling against the U.S. would be
freed if war did not end.
• Confederates chose to fight and slaves
in the South were freed.
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
Civil War Battles
• 1ST TWO YEARS OF THE WAR BROUGHT VICTORIES FOR
THE SOUTH..DUE TO GREAT MILITARY LEADERS
• 1863..THE COURSE CHANGES..SOUTH COULD NOT
MATCH THE NUMBER OF SOLDIERS, WEAPONS, AND
RESOURCES
• CONFEDERATE GEN. ROBERT E. LEE..( MOST
RESPECTED ) TAKES THE WAR TO THE NORTH..THIS
WAS THE SOUTH ONLY CHANCE TO WIN THE WAR
Gettysburg
• July 1-3, 1863 – Worst battle of the war
• GEN. LEE MEETS UNION GEN. MEADE…LEE HAS
75,000 MEN VS. MEADES 82,289..GREATEST
BATTLE EVER FOUGHT.( GETTYSBURG, PENN. )
• 3 DAYS OF FIGHTING..C.S.A..28,064
DEAD…UNION..23,048 DEAD… 51,112 total deaths
• Greatest Battle ever fought on U.S. soil
• GENERAL “ STONEWALL” JACKSON..A FEARLESS
LEADER FOR THE CONFEDERATES IS SHOT AND
KILLED BY ONE OF HIS OWN SOLDIERS..HUGE LOSS
FOR THE C.S.A.
Battle of Chickamauga
• Union forces moved against the
railroad in Chattanooga.
• September 19-20, 1863
• Confederate General Braxton led
his army into battle at
Chickamauga Creek.
• Defeated the Union forces and
forced them back into Tennessee.
• November 1863 Union General
Ulysses Grant recaptured
Chattanooga.
CONCLUSION CIVIL WAR
• Few battles were fought in Ga. For the 1st two
years
• September 1863 Union forces capture
Chattanooga, Tenn**two weeks later Union
forces prepare to destroy Ga.**
• Atlanta was not the largest city…but had many
war resources and railroads to transport
weapons**very important military target**
• Union General Grant orders Sherman to destroy
Georgia..99,000 Union soldiers start their path of
destruction
• Sherman enters Dalton Ga. Facing 62,000
Confederate soldiers..C.S.A Retreats
Conclusion
• Sherman attacks Kennesaw mountain…pounds
Atlanta for 40 days…burns everything in his path.
• Sherman continues his “ March To The Sea “
recklessly destroying, burning everything all the
way to Savannah
• Dec. 21, 1864 ShermanTelegraphs
Lincoln…saying, “ I beg to present you a
Christmas gift of Savannah “
• Conclusion: April 9,1865…at Appomattox Court
House in Virginia, Confederate General Robert
E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S.
Grant**Official confirmation came on April 26,
1865 a state holiday known as Confederate
Memorial Day
MOST RESPECTED CONFEDERATE
GENERAL..ROBERT E. LEE
Leader of the Confederates forces
STONEWALL JACKSON.. A FEARLESS LEADER
GREATEST BATTLE EVER FOUGHT.( GETTYSBURG, PENN. )