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Transcript
Aim: How are photosynthesis and Respiration related? Do now Regents Biology Complete the following Diagram Use arrows To show the direction of the following: • Sunlight • CO2 • O2 • H2O • Glucose Regents Biology Plants are energy producers Like animals, plants need energy to live unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat food to make that energy Plants make both FOOD & ENERGY Regents Biology How do plants make energy & food? Plants use the energy from the sun to make sugars: glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more sun sugars Regents Biology Using light & air to grow plants Photosynthesis using sun’s energy, CO2 & water to make sugar Occurs in chloroplasts Allows plants to grow Make oxygen (O2) as a waste product carbon sun + water + energy glucose + oxygen dioxide 6CO2 + 6H2O + sun C6H12O6 + 6O2 energy Regents Biology Chloroplasts Leaf absorb sunlight & CO2 Leaves sun CO2 Chloroplasts in cell Chloroplast Chloroplasts contain Chlorophyll Regents Biology Chloroplast make ENERGY & SUGAR Chloroplasts are only in plants animal cells plant cells Regents Biology So what does a plant need? Needs: Energy (sunlight) CO2 H2O leaves To make: O2 Glucose shoot roots 6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 Regents Biology energy Leaf Structure cuticle epidermis vascular bundle (vein) xylem (water) phloem (sugar) palisades layer spongy layer epidermis cuticle Regents Biology stomate guard cells xylem (water) Transpiration O2 H O 2 CO2 in O2 out water out so itBiology gets Regents CO2 stomate O2 H2O to leaves from roots CO2 guard cells Transpiration Water evaporates from the stomates in the leaves pulls water up from roots like a straw Regents Biology Stomates & Guard Cells Function of stomates is to let: CO2 in O2 out H2O out Function of guard cells open & close stomates to control H2O loss guard cell stomate Regents Biology Guard cells & Homeostasis Homeostasis keeping the internal environment of the plant balanced Stomates open let CO2 in needed to make sugars let H2O out needed for photosynthesis let O2 out get rid of waste product Stomates close if too much H2O evaporating Regents Biology Xylem carry water up from roots Regents Biology Phloem: food-conducting cells carry sugars around the plant wherever they are needed Regents Biology What is Respiration? The method cells used to make energy in the form of ATP Happens in the Mitochondria Sugars are broken down In the presence of oxygen aerobic respiration Without oxygen: Anaerobic respiration Example: Fermentation Regents Biology Mitochondria are in both plants and animals plant cells animal cells Regents Biology Mitochondria Regents Biology What does the mitochondria need? Needs: • Glucose • O2 Makes: • CO2 • H2O • Energy (ATP) glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy dioxide C H O6 + 6 12 Regents Biology 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP How does Glucose and O2 get to the Mitochondria? Glucose is absorbed by the digestive system Oxygen is taken in by the respiratory system Both systems are connected to the circulatory system which moves materials to and from the cell? Regents Biology Mitochondria Almost all eukaryotic cells have mitochondria there may be 1 very large mitochondrion or 100s to 1000s of individual mitochondria number of mitochondria is correlated with aerobic metabolic activity more activity = more energy needed = more mitochondria What cells would have a lot of mitochondria? active cells: • muscle cells Regents Biology • nerve cells How are they connected? Respiration glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy dioxide C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Photosynthesis carbon sun + water + energy glucose + oxygen dioxide 6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 energy Regents Biology The Great ENERGY Circle of Life sun Photosynthesis plants CO2 glucose + O2 sugar + H2O Respiration animals & plants ATP Regents Biology Correct your Diagram Use arrows To show the direction of the following: • Sunlight • CO2 • O2 • H2O • Glucose Regents Biology