Download The Catholic Reformation

The Protestant Reformation
&
Catholic Counter-Reformation
An Era of Reform
• Causes
• Humanists urged believers who were
unhappy with traditional religion to
withdraw from the church and meet with
like-minded people
• People were unhappy with church
involvement in politics and war
• There was immoral behavior among
clergy
• The beginning
• Popes sold indulgences to raise money
• Purchased as pardons for punishment
Martin Luther
• Luther’s protest
• Publicly challenged the selling of indulgences in 95
theses
• Emphasized the authority of the Bible
• Break with the church
• Pope Leo X ex-communicated Luther
• Protestantism
• The princes supporting Luther protested the
emperor’s treatment of him
The Spread of Protestantism
• The rise of sects
• Societies of a few people led by a preacher
• The Anglican Church
• Henry VIII’s desire for a divorce caused him
to create the Church of England which did
grant the divorce
Calvinism
• Calvin’s church
• The Institutes of the Christian Religion emphasized:
• Predestination
• Taught that some were predestined for salvation
• Righteous living
• Calvinism spreads
• Huguenots in France- persecuted by French Catholics
• Gave way to Puritanical sects
• Edict of Nantes gave French Calvinists some
rights
The Catholic Reformation
•Objectives:
•Describe how the Catholic Church
responded to the Reformation.
•Discuss the results of the Reformation
and the Counter-Reformation.
The Counter-Reformation
• Many felt Pope wanted Theocracies
• Theocracy is a government run by religious leaders
• Counter-Reformation tactics
• Inquisition
• Index of Forbidden Books
• The Council of Trent
• Clarified doctrines
• Emphasized ceremonies
• Soldiers of the Counter-Reformation
• Jesuits founded by Ignatius de Loyola
• Spread Catholicism in Counter-Reformation
Results of the Religious Upheaval
•
•
•
•
Diversity of churches appeared
Education grew
National governments gained more power
There was much less religious tolerance