Download The Ancient Israelites

The Ancient Israelites
Chapter 2 Lesson 4
Introduction
Ancient Israelites
• Small kingdoms appeared in southwest Asia
• Ancestors of the Jewish people
• We learned about them from Old Testament
of the Bible
Abram to Abraham
• Originally Abram
• Changed his name as a promise to God
• Worshipped one God – monotheism
• God “spoke” to him
• Covenant – Special Agreement with God
• God told him to go to Canaan
• Sons: Isaac –Jewish
Ishmael - Arab
Moses and the Ten Commandments
• Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sons
• Jacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became
known as Israelites
• Famine – Went to Egypt for food and work
• Later enslaved by Egyptian Rulers
• Moses led a revolt against Egyptians
• Exodus – journey back to Canaan
The Ten Commandments
• Given to Moses from God
• A set of laws for responsible
behavior
• Sabbath – a day of rest after
a week of work
• Important part of Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam
• First five books of the
Hebrew Bible (Torah)
Israel and Judah
• Saul – First King 1020 BC
• King David – built up Jerusalem (died in 961
BC)
• King Solomon (David’s son) – Split into
northern (Israel) and southern kingdom
(Judah)
– King Solomon was known for his great wisdom
Israel and Judah
• Judah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BC
• Judeans were enslaved and exiled to
Babylonia.
• When Babylon was conquered by Persians
Judeans were set free.
• They returned to Jerusalem
• They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin in
northern Israel were no where to be found.
• Israel was conquered by Assyrians 721 BC
Judah
• Romans came and conquered Judah
• Judah became Judaea
• AD 70 – Romans destroyed the Temple
• AD 130 – Judeans kicked out of Jerusalem
• Jerusalem became Roman Province of
Palestine
Movement Through the World
• After Babylonian exile, Jews settled
throughout the world – Diaspora
• Diaspora - spreading of seeds
• Realized they did not need the Temple in
Jerusalem to worship God
• Synagogues – a Jewish house of worship
found all over the world