Download Ancient Egypt - Deer Park ISD

Ancient Egypt
Pyramids and Pharaohs
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• In ancient times Egypt was covered with
swampland
• The Nile river
• Longest river in the world – 4,160 miles
• Ancient Egypt was located along a 750 mile
stretch of the Nile
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• Other natural advantages
• Egypt has a frost free climate
• Easy to grow many kinds of food
• The Nile Valley contains several natural deposits
• Granite
• Sandstone
• Limestone
• The deserts and seas provided a natural barrier
• The isthmus of Suez- trade route
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• Early steps towards civilization
• Hieroglyphics
• Papyrus
• The Rosetta Stone
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• Two distinct kingdoms developed in Egypt
• Upper Egypt (Southern Egypt)
• Lower Egypt (Northern Egypt)
• Menes
• King of Upper Egypt
• United all of Egypt around 3,200 B.C.
• Pharaoh- “Great House”
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• The Old Kingdom
• Many developments in science and art
• Sphinx
• Largest pyramids
• 2 classes
• Peasants and Farmers
• Nobility
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• The Middle Kingdom
• Golden Age of Egypt
• Nobles and priest began to weaken the power of the Pharaoh
• Hyksos (war- like people from Asia)
• Conquered part of Egypt, ruled for 100 years
• Chariots
• Compound Bow
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• The New Kingdom
• Strong Pharaohs reunited the land
• Drove the Hyksos out of Egypt
• Thebes became capital
• They built an Empire
• Hatshepsut- first female ruler
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• The New Kingdom Continued
• Amenhotep IV
• Tried to bring out religious and social change
• Egyptians were polytheistic
• Amen believed in one god, the Sun (Aton)
• He was unsuccessful in his attempt to change,
priests did not want to give up power
Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
• Egypt's Decline
• The Assyrians began to take over as world powers
• Egypt’s world dominance finally diminished
Egyptian Life and Culture
• The Achievements of Ancient Egypt
• Architecture and the Arts
• Pyramids & Sphinx
• There are still about 80 pyramids
• Sculpture and paintings
Egyptian Life and Culture
Sphinx and Pyramids
Ancient Egyptian Art
Ramses built this
for his wife
The Great Pyramid
Ancient Thebes
Egyptian Life and Culture
Kom Ombo Temple
Court of Amenhotep
Statue of Amun
Head of Ramses
Egyptian Life and Culture
• Science Math and Medicine
• Calendars
• Had a lunar calendar
• Could predict the flooding of the Nile
• Came up with a 30 day / 12 month calendar
• Number system based on tens
• Similar to the decimal system
• Used geometry to build pyramids
• Medicines
Egyptian Life and Culture
• Education and Religion
• Scribes
• Learned to read and write
• Worked for government
• Other education was religious
Egyptian Life and Culture
• Education and Religion Cont.
• The afterlife
• At first, only Pharaohs had an afterlife
• Had to preserve body for the afterlife
• Mummification
• Placed objects in the tomb to help them in the afterlife
• Treasure, a Book of the Dead
Egyptian Life and Culture
• Society and Economy
• Class was rigidly divided
• Women were equal to their husbands
• Could own property
• Leave it to her daughter
• Farmed cotton
• Traded via caravan routes