Download Mental health

Psychiatric-mental health nursing
overview
Under supervision of \
Prepared by \ Mofida ALbarrak
12 \ 2 \ 1429 H
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At the end of my session the audience will
be able to:1-Discuss mental health & mental illness
2.concepts of mental health
2-Differentiate between mental health &
mental illness
4-Discuss Characteristics of mentally
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healthy
people.
-Define
Mental health
Mental illness
-Distinguishing mental health from mental
illness
-Illustrate concepts of positive mental health
-Characteristics of mentally healthy people
-Conclusion
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This part intends to provide a foundation
of knowledge from which the student can
understand the concepts of mental
health, mind, personality, & human
behavior including
(Conflict, anxiety, adjustment, & the use
of defense mechanisms). The body- mind
relationship will be investigated.
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Mental health
"It achieved by successful psychosocial
adaptation to stressors from the internal or
external environment without undue
distress"
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This successful adaptation is evidenced
by thoughts, feelings, & behaviors, that
are age appropriate & congruent is a
state of peace of mind with local cultural
norms
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However, the state of mental health is
relative rather than absolute.
It can be seen on a continuum with the
mental health at one end & mental
illness on the other end.
Mental health
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Mental illness
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People can be on different points on this
continuum. Even for the same person,
her position on this continuum can
change toward either side according to
the experiences & stress she is
exposed to at any moment.
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Anther defintion
Mental health is a term used to describe
either a level of cognitive or emotional
wellbeing or an absence of a mental
disorder.
From perspectives of the discipline of
positive psychology or holism
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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines
health as:
... A state of complete physical, mental and
social well-being & not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity .
Mental health is more than the absence of
mental illness: it is vital to individuals,
families and societies
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Mental health is described by WHO as:... A state of well-being in which the individual
realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with
the normal stresses of life, can work
productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a
contribution to his or her community (WHO
2001)
This core concept of mental heath is consistent
with its wide and varied interpretation across
cultures.
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1. A positive attitude toward self
This means an objective view of self,
knowing its strengths & limitations &
accepting both.
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2. Growth, development & selfactualization:
This entails successful achievement of each
developmental task, seeking new growth &
new challenges.
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3.Integration
It implies maintaining an equilibrium &
balance between various life processes
(between what is expressed & what is
repressed, between outer & inner
conflicts , drives , a regulation of one's
emotions & reactions without falling
apart.
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4.Autonomy
It refers to the individual's ability to
perform in an independent & selfdirected manner, & accepting
responsibility for the outcomes.
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perception of reality
This means perception of the environment
without distortion, as well as the
capacity for empathy & social
sensitivity.
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6. Environmental mastery
It suggests the ability to achieve a
satisfactory role within group, society
or environment with a reasonable
feeling of controlling his situation.
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1.Feel comfortable about themselves
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they are not overwhelmed by their emotions
(fear, love, anger, worry, )
Accept life disappointment
Can laugh at themselves
Neither underestimate or overestimate their
abilities
Accept their own failures, & still respect
themselves
They get satisfaction from simple things
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2. Feel right about other people
• Able to love & consider others
• Have satisfying & lasting relationships
• Expect mutual like & trust with others
• Respect individual differences in people
• Feel as part of group
• Have a sense of responsibility for their fellows
• Do not push & are not pushed by others
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3. Able to meet the demands of life
• accept responsibility & put their best
effort
• Manage problems as they arise
• Plan ahead without fear of the future
• Welcome new ideas & experiences
• Set realistic goals & make use of their
capacities.
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Define mental illness
A mental illness is a clinically
diagnosable disorder that significantly
interferes with an individual's cognitive,
emotional & or social abilities.
There is no health without mental health
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Mental health and mental illness
continuum
mental health
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mental illness
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Distinguishing mental health from mental illness
Mental health providers define mental disorders by signs,
symptoms and functional impairments.
Signs are what objective observers can document, such as
agitation or rapid breathing. Symptoms are subjective, or
what you feel, such as euphoria or hopelessness.
Functional impairment is the inability to perform certain
routine or basic daily tasks, such as bathing or going to
work.
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In mental illness, signs and symptoms
commonly show up as:
-Behaviors, such as repeated hand washing
-Feelings, such as sadness
-Thoughts, such as delusions that the television is
controlling your mind
-Physiological responses, such as sweating
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Why is it important to diagnose people
and attach labels that could be
stigmatizing?
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Other factors also are considered.
Among them:
How long you've had symptoms
How severe your symptoms are
How upsetting the symptoms are to you
How the symptoms disrupt your life
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Mental health for each person is affected
by individual factors and experiences,
social interaction, societal structures
and resources, and cultural values. It is
influenced by experiences in everyday
life, in families and schools, on streets.
The mental health of each person in turn
affects life in each of these domains
and hence the health of a community or
population.
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-Hogan, Ann Mary(2003). Mental health
nursing reviews & rationales. Prentice Hall
Nursing:
-American Psychiatric Association. (2000).
Diagnostic and statistical manual of
mental disorders (4th ed.) Text revision.
Washington, DC:American Psychiatric
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Publishing.
Web sites:
• http://www.adaa.org
• http://www.mentalhealth.com
•http://www.psychweb.com/disorders/in
dex.htm
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