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Energy Basics Part 1: The Relationship Between Matter and Energy 1. Define matter and energy • Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. • 2. Energy is the capacity to take action and move matter around. How are energy and matter related? • Energy is stored in matter. • Energy moves matter. 3. The Law of Conservation of Matter • Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be rearranged. • The total mass of Earth is constant, because Earth is neither gaining or losing mass. 4. The Law of Conservation of Energy (First Law of Thermodynamics) • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form into another. Part 2: The Various Forms of Energy Forms of Energy Potential Energy Energy that is stored and ready to be used, due to an object’s position or condition. Examples: - Nuclear -Chemical - Elastic - Gravitational Kinetic Energy Energy that is released due to an objects movement or motion. - Light Examples: - Heat - Sound - Electrical - Mechanical- Linear and Rotational Energy Definitions • Heat – Energy of moving particles that can change temperature. • Light – Energy from electromagnetic waves. • Electrical – Energy from the movement of electrons. • Chemical – Energy stored in the bonds between atoms in a molecule. • Nuclear – Energy stored in the bonds between particles in the nucleus of an atom. Energy Definitions • Sound – Energy associated with the vibration of matter. • Mechanical – Energy associated with the movement of objects. • Gravitational – Energy associated with a gravitational field. • Elastic – Energy stored in the configuration of material that is released as it is distorted.