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Student Study Guide: Energy Rules! Instructions: Write a definition for ENERGY, then write down the type of energy which best matches each description. Finally write a definition for the Law of Conservation of Energy. Energy: the capacity to do work or create change motion energy – the energy of an object or substance in movement; sometimes just called kinetic energy example(s): a person dancing, car in motion, a thrown ball, flowing water, etc. gravitational energy – the energy an object has due to place or position, such as its height above the Earth; a form of potential energy example(s): a rock on the edge of a cliff, water behind a dam, etc. electric energy – the energy of electrons (negatively charged particles) moving or “flowing” within a substance example(s): electricity in power lines or home wiring, electricity from a battery light energy – electromagnetic energy that travels in waves; also called radiant energy example(s): sunlight, the light of a lamp or of a TV or computer monitor, etc heat . energy – the internal energy of a substance due to random vibration and movement of its atoms and molecules; also called thermal energy example(s): heat from the burner of a stove, charcoal grill, forest fire, etc. sound energy – energy that moves through substances (like air) by compression waves; sound example(s): any kind of sound - from a human, machine, animal, Discman, etc. chemical energy – energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms and molecules example(s): energy plants store by photosynthesis, any food we eat, coal, oil nuclear energy – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; the energy that holds an atom together; sometimes called atomic energy example(s): uranium at a nuclear power plant; plutonium in a nuclear bomb Elastic energy – energy stored in the deformation (stretch or compression) of an elastic object; a form of POTENTIAL energy. Example(s): stretching a rubber band, compressing a spring. Law of Conservation of Energy: The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.