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Energy Basics
Part 1: The Relationship Between Matter and Energy
1.
Define matter and energy
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Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
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2.
Energy is the capacity to take action and move matter around.
How are energy and matter related?
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Energy is stored in matter.
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Energy moves matter.
3. The Law of Conservation of Matter
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Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be rearranged.
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The total mass of Earth is constant, because Earth is neither
gaining or losing mass.
4. The Law of Conservation of Energy (First Law of Thermodynamics)
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from
one form into another.
Part 2: The Various Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Potential Energy
Energy that is stored and ready
to be used, due to an object’s
position or condition.
Examples:
- Nuclear
-Chemical
- Elastic
- Gravitational
Kinetic Energy
Energy that is released due to
an objects movement or
motion.
- Light
Examples:
- Heat
- Sound
- Electrical
- Mechanical- Linear and Rotational
Energy Definitions
• Heat – Energy of moving particles that can change
temperature.
• Light – Energy from electromagnetic waves.
• Electrical – Energy from the movement of electrons.
• Chemical – Energy stored in the bonds between atoms in
a molecule.
• Nuclear – Energy stored in the bonds between particles
in the nucleus of an atom.
Energy Definitions
• Sound – Energy associated with the vibration of matter.
• Mechanical – Energy associated with the movement of objects.
• Gravitational – Energy associated with a gravitational field.
• Elastic – Energy stored in the configuration of material that is
released as it is distorted.