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Energy What is Energy? The ability to do work or cause change Energy is measured in Joules (J) Types of Energy There are two types of energy: kinetic and potential Kinetic Energy The energy an object has because it is in motion Examples are: a moving rocket, a runner, etc. Calculating Kinetic Energy The formula is: KE= (1/2)mv2 For example: A car with the mass of 200 kilograms moving at 2 meters per second would have this kinetic energy: KE= (1/2)200 x 4 KE= 400 Joules Potential Energy The energy an object has because of its position. Examples are: a stretched guitar string, a right spring of a wind-up toy, a high diver, etc. Calculating Potential Energy The formula is: GPE= mgh For example: If you dropped a 5 gram water balloon from 2 meters above the earth, the GPE would be: GPE= 5 x 9.8 x 2 GPE= 98 Joules Forms of Energy Mechanical Thermal Chemical Energy can be transferred, or converted, from one form to another! Electrical Electromagnetic Nuclear Mechanical Energy Energy associated with the motion of an object. Chewing Sound Frog Dancing Thermal Energy Total energy of the particles in a substance or material. All objects give off thermal energy Ice cream melting gains thermal energy Chemical Energy Potential energy stored in chemical bonds. Food Fire Cracker Stomach Battery Electrical Energy Moving electrical charges that produce electricity and energy. Static Shock Lightening Computers/TVs/ Radios Lights Electromagnetic Energy Energy that travels in waves Visible light UV Rays Microwaves Nuclear Power Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom from fission or fusion Sun Stars Nuclear Power Plant Law of Conservation of Energy The law of conservation of energy states that “energy can change from one form to another, but the total amount of energy is conserved.”