* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Energy and Its Forms
Open energy system models wikipedia , lookup
William Flynn Martin wikipedia , lookup
100% renewable energy wikipedia , lookup
Energy subsidies wikipedia , lookup
Energy storage wikipedia , lookup
Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program wikipedia , lookup
Public schemes for energy efficient refurbishment wikipedia , lookup
Zero-energy building wikipedia , lookup
Low-carbon economy wikipedia , lookup
Regenerative brake wikipedia , lookup
World energy consumption wikipedia , lookup
Energy Charter Treaty wikipedia , lookup
Kinetic energy wikipedia , lookup
Potential energy wikipedia , lookup
Alternative energy wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of Australia wikipedia , lookup
International Energy Agency wikipedia , lookup
Energy returned on energy invested wikipedia , lookup
Distributed generation wikipedia , lookup
Internal energy wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of the United Kingdom wikipedia , lookup
Energy harvesting wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of Finland wikipedia , lookup
Energy efficiency in transport wikipedia , lookup
Life-cycle greenhouse-gas emissions of energy sources wikipedia , lookup
Negawatt power wikipedia , lookup
Energy in the United Kingdom wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of the European Union wikipedia , lookup
Conservation of energy wikipedia , lookup
United States energy law wikipedia , lookup
Energy efficiency in British housing wikipedia , lookup
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 wikipedia , lookup
Energy and Its Forms 15.1 pg 446-452 Energy and Work Energy is the ability to do work – Energy is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Work – is a transfer of energy When work is done on a n object, energy is transferred to that object Example of work and energy: Carrying your backpack up stairs Lift it -- AGAINST the force of gravity REQUIRES energy from your MUSCLES Muscles REQUIRE energy from FOOD Food REQURIES energy from plants and other animals. Qui ckTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see thi s pi cture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Quick Time™ and a decompressor are needed to s ee this pic ture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Kinetic Energy (KE) Is the energy of motion – Depends on an objects velocity (speed) and mass The kinetic energy of any moving object depends upon its mass and speed Kinetic Energy (KE) = 1/2 m x v2 – Where m = mass in kg and v = velocity in m/s QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Sample Problem for KE: A 0.1 kg bird is flying at a constant speed of 8 m/s. What is the bird’s kinetic energy? – Given info: – Step 1: – KE = 1/2 mv2 Step 2: – Mass = 0.1 kg Speed or v = 8 m/s KE = 1/2 (0.1 kg) (8 m/s)2 Step 3: KE = 3.2 kgm2/sec2 = 3.2 kgm/sec2 m And because kgm/sec2 is a Newton we can write… KE = 3.2 Nm And Nm is a Joule so finally…KE = 3.2 Joules Potential Energy (PE) Energy that is stored because of position or shape – A stretched string on a guitar or a streched rubber band has potential energy (PE) Two types of PE: – Gravitational Potential Energy – Elastic Potential Energy Gravitational Potential Energy(GPE) Potential energy that depends upon an object’s height An objects GPE depends on its mass, its height, and acceleration due to gravity Increases when an object is raised to a higher level GPE or PE = mgh – Where m is mass, g is gravity, and h is height Sample Problem for PE A 50 kg diver is at the top of a 10 meter high diving platform. What is the diver’s potential energy? – Given info: – Step 1: – PE = mgh Step 2: – Mass = 50 kg Height = 10 m Gravity = 9.8 m/sec2 PE = 50 kg (9.8m/sec2)(10m) Step 3: PE = 4900 kgm/sec2 m And because kgm/sec2 is a Newton we can write… PE = 4900 Nm And Nm is a Joule so finally…PE = 4900 Joules Elastic Potential Energy (EPE) The potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Examples – Stretched Ukulele – string, rubber band, etc. Compressed Bouncing a ball, shocks on a car, etc. Forms of Energy 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mechanical: – Both Kinetic and Potential together Thermal Chemical Electrical Electromagnetic Nuclear Mechanical Energy (ME) The energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects Sum of an objects Potential and Kinetic Energy Does not include thermal, chemical or other forms of energy associated with the motion or arrangement of atoms or molecules ME = PE + KE Thermal Energy Atoms in an object are always in motion The total PE and KE of the molecules make up its thermal energy Faster motion, more thermal energy Chemical Energy Chemical Energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds. – When broken they release energy – All chemical compounds store energy Gives energy from food Warm from firewood Energy from coal Electrical Energy Energy associated with electric charges – Batteries convert chemical energy into electric – Lightning bolts Electromagnetic Energy Electromagnetic energy is a form that travels through space in the form of waves – Visible light – X rays – Gamma Rays – Microwaves Nuclear Energy The energy that is stored in atomic nucleus – Nuclear power plants fission - release energy – The sun - Fusion - release energy when nuclei combine Make sure you write a summary!