Download 25-autonomic supply of head & neck

Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim
PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA
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CILIARY GANGLION
SUBMANDIBULAR GANGLION
OTIC GANGLION
SPHENOPALATINE GANGLION
CILIARY GANGLION
• SITE: in the fat between optic nerve &
lateral rectus muscle
• NUCLEUS: Edinger Westphal of
occulomotor (midbrain)
• PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS: along
occulomotor through nerve to inferior
oblique
• POSTGANGLIONC FIBERS: along short
ciliary nerves to sphincter pupillae &
ciliary muscles
CILIARY GANGLION
SHORT CILIARY NERVES:
• Number: 8 – 10
• Destination: connect ciliary ganglion to
eyeball
• Type of fibers:
1. Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to
sphincter pupillae & ciliary muscles
2. Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from
internal carotid plexus (pass through
ganglion without relay) to eyeball
3. Sensory fibers from eyeball (pass through
ganglion without relay) to nasociliary nerve
SUBMANDIBULAR GANGLION
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SITE: superficial to hyoglossus muscle,
below lingual nerve, connected to lingual
nerve by posterior & anterior roots
• NUCLEUS: superior salivatory nucleus
(pons)
• PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS: along chorda
tympani of facial nerve → joins lingual
nerve → posterior root → ganglion
• POSTGANGLIONC FIBERS:
1. Pass directly to submandibular gland
2. Pass along anterior root → lingual nerve →
sublingual gland
OTIC GANGLION
• SITE: just below foramen ovale, deep to
trunk of mandibular nerve
• NUCLEUS: inferior salivatory nucleus
(medulla)
• PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS: along lesser
petrosal branch of tympanic of
glossopharyngeal nerve → passes
through foramen ovale to reach the
ganglion
• POSTGANGLIONC FIBERS: along
auriculotemporal nerve → secretomotor
fibers to parotid gland
PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION
• SITE: in the pterygopalatine fossa,
below maxillary nerve, connected to it
by 2 ganglionic branches
• NUCLEUS: lacrimatory nucleus (pons)
• PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS: along
greater petrosal branch of facial nerve
→ joins deep petrosal (postganglionic
sympathetic fibers) → both nerves
form nerve to pterygoid canal →
ganglion
PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION
• POSTGANGLIONC FIBERS:
1.Along ganglionic branches → maxillary
nerve → zygomatic branch of maxillary
nerve → zygomaticotemporal nerve →
lacrimal nerve → lacrimal gland
2.Along greater & lesser palatine
branches → palatine glands
3.Along nasal branches → nasal glands
PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION
N.B.:
• Taste fibers from soft palate pass along
lesser palatine nerve → ganglion (without
relay) → nerve to pterygoid canal → greater
petrosal nerve
• Sensory fibers from nose, palate & pharynx
pass along nasal, palatine & pharyngeal
branches of ganglion → ganglion (without
relay) → ganglionic branches → maxillary
nerve
• Sympathetic fibers from deep petrosal
nerve → ganglion (without relay) → orbital
branches → orbitalis muscle
CERVICAL PART OF
SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
• Beginning: At the base of the skull, as the
superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
• Termination: It passes in front of the neck of
first rib, and becomes continuous with the
thoracic part of sympathetic trunk
• Course and relations:
1. It descends, behind the carotid sheath
(separating it from common carotid artery),
and in front of prevertebral fascia
(separating it from longus colli muscle).
2. It has three ganglia (superior, middle and
inferior)
THE SUPERIOR CERVICAL
GANGLION
It is the largest ganglion
• Site: It lies below the skull, in front of
C2 & C3 vertebrae
• Branches:
1. Gray rami communicantes: to upper 4
cervical nerves
2. Vascular: internal & external carotid
plexus.
3. Visceral: pharyngeal & cardiac
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THE MIDDLE CERVICAL
GANGLION
It is the smallest ganglion
Site: It lies in front of C6 vertebra
Branches:
Gray rami communicantes: to upper
C5 & C6 nerves
2. Vascular: inferior thyroid plexus &
ansa subclavia (it forms a loop around
subclavian artery then joins the
inferior ganglion
3. Visceral: tracheal, oesophageal &
cardiac
THE INFERIOR CERVICAL
GANGLION
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It is also called: cervico-thoracic or
stellate ganglion
• Site: It lies in front of the neck of first
rib
• Branches:
1. Gray rami communicantes: to C7 & C8
nerves
2. Vascular: vertebral and subclavian
plexus
3. Visceral: cardiac