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Nucleic Acid Brochure Assignment Bridge map the 2 analogies in panel 1. Blueprints are drawings /as\ Nucleic acids are chemical compounds Building is put together cell is put together Rf that show how a Software /as\ nucleic acids Computer cell Rf is/are the operating system for a Tree map the types of nucleic acids. Types of Nucleic Acids ATP GTP DNA RNA How are DNA and RNA used differently in living cells and viruses? In living cells DNA is used to store information on cell structure and operation. In living cells RNA is used to copy DNA and help make proteins. In viruses both DNA and RNA are used to store information. Tree map the nucleic acid organelles. Nucleic Acid Organelles Chromosomes Nucleoids Plasmids Summarize the information in panel 3 to make a definition of chromosomes. Chromosomes are organelles made of DNA found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that store information about how cells are made and operate. Where do you find chromosomes? Be specific Chromosomes are found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. What are chromosomes made of? Chromosomes are made of DNA. Brace map the parts of chromosomes. DNA strand Chromosome Centromere Telomere Describe centromeres and telomeres. A centromere is the point on a chromosome where the two strands of DNA join. It looks pinchedin when the Chromosome is coiled up tightly. A telomere is the cap on each end of a chromosome that protects the DNA. Where can you find nucleoids? You can find nucleoids in viruses or bacteria. Summarize the information in panel 4 to make a definition for nucleoids. Nucleoids are organelles in either prokaryotic cells or viruses; they are made of a large circular piece of either DNA or RNA; they store all of the information to make and operate the cell or virus. What kinds of nucleic acids can nucleoids be made of? Where can each kind be found? Nucleoids found in viruses may be made of DNA or RNA; nucleoids in bacteria are only made of DNA. How are nucleoids like and not like chromosomes? Nucleoids and chromosomes both store all of the information needed to make and operate their cell, but chromosomes are found only in eukaryotic cells while nucleoids are found in prokaryotic cells or viruses. Also chromosomes have a specific structure, but nucleoids don’t have a specific structure. Summarize the information in the top of panel 5 to make a definition for plasmids. Plasmids are circles of DNA found only in bacteria, they contain a few genes that usually help bacteria resist antibiotics. How are plasmids and nucleoids similar and how are they different? Both plasmids and nucleoids are circle, but plasmids are only made of DNA while plasmids may be DNA or RNA. Plasmids are only found in bacteria, but nucleoids may be in either bacteria or viruses. How many elements make up all nucleic acids and what are they? Nucleic acids are made up of five elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Make a double bubble map to show the molecules that DNA and RNA share and the ones they don’t share. Deoxyribose Phosphate DNA Thymine Adenine Ribose RNA Guanine Uracil Cytosine How many parts make up a nucleotide? What does a DNA nucleotide have to have? What does an RNA nucleotide have to have? A nucleotide is made of three parts a deoxyribose, a phosphate, and a base. A DNA nucleotide must have deoxyribose and a phosphate; an RNA nucleotide must have ribose and phosphate. Using the following letters make all 8 possible nucleotides for DNA and RNA: D R P A T U G C P-D-A P-D-T P-D-C P-D-G Example: P-D-A P-R-A P-R-U P-R-C P-R-G
