Download Homeostasis

Homeostasis
Staying (stasis)
the Same (homeo)
Warm up Mar. 7
• What is something we study in anatomy?
• Why should you study how the body
works?
• What are two organs found in the body?
Vocab.
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Homeostasis
Anatomical Position
Supine
Prone
Sagittal Plane
Transverse Plane
Coronal Plane
• Homeostasis is the maintenance of a
constant internal environment within an
organism.
– Body temperature stays around 98.6o no
matter what the surrounding temperature
– Helps make sure you are healthy
Language
of
Anatomy
Anatomical Position
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Body is standing erect
Face forward
Arms at the sides
Toes and palms of
hands directed
forward
• Necessary to discuss
relative position of
one body part to
another
Positions When Lying Down
Supine – face up; on your back
Prone – face down; on your stomach
Body Planes
Used to “cut” the body into smaller
segments for study
Sagittal Plane
• Lengthwise plane,
running from front to
back
• Divides the body
into right and left
portions
• If the cut is exactly
in the middle of the
body, the division is
a midsagittal plane.
Coronal Plane
• Lengthwise plane,
running from side to
side
• Divides the body or its
parts into anterior and
posterior (front &
back)
• Also known as a
“Frontal Plane”
Transverse Plane
• A horizontal or
crosswise plane
• Divides the body
or its parts into
upper and lower
portions
Essential Questions
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What are the three planes of the body?
What does it mean if the body is in
homeostasis?
Describe Anatomical position.
Vocabulary
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Superior
Inferior
Anterior/Ventral
Posterior/Dorsal
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Directional Terms
• Used to describe the
relative position of one
body part to another
body part
Superior/Inferior
• Superior means “toward the head”; upper
or above
• Inferior means “toward the feet”; lower or
below
• Determined by a transverse plane
• Example: the lungs are located superior
to the diaphragm, while the stomach is
located inferior to it
Anterior/Posterior
• Anterior means “front” or “in front of”
• Posterior means “back” or “in back of”
• In humans, ventral (toward the belly) can
be used instead of anterior, and dorsal
(toward the back) can be used instead of
posterior
• Determined by coronal or frontal plane
• Example: the nose is on the anterior
surface while the shoulder blades are on
the posterior surface
Medial/Lateral
• Medial means “toward the midline of the
body”
• Lateral means “toward the side of the body
or away from its midline)
• Determined by a sagittal plane
• Example: the big toe is on the medial side
of the foot while the little toe is on the
lateral side; the heart is medial to the lungs
Proximal/Distal
• Proximal means “toward or nearest the
trunk of the body” or “nearest the point of
origin of one of its parts”
• Distal means “away from or farthest from
the trunk or the point of origin of a body
part”
• Determined by a sagittal plane
• Example: The elbow is proximal to the
hand; the hand is at the arm’s distal end
Superficial/Deep
• Superficial means
nearer the surface
• Deep means farther
away from the body
surface
• Examples:
– An abrasion is a
superficial injury
– A shark bite is a deep
injury