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KH 2220
Laura Abbott, MS, LMT
Day 6
Muscles of the Neck:
SCM, Scalenes, Splenius Capitus,
Splenius Cervicus, Suboccipitals
Borders
• Superior Border
– Inferior border of mandible
– Mastoid process of temporal bone (lateral)
– External occipital protrudence (posterior)
• Inferior Border
– Jugular notch
– Manubrium
– Superior border of clavicle
Bones
• Hyoid Bone
–
–
–
–
–
–
U-shaped
Level of C3
Floating bone
Styloid process of skull – superior to thyroid cartilage
Stabilized by (above)suprahyoid and (below)infrahyoid muscles
Provides muscle attachments to tongue and larynx
Cartilages
• Thyroid
• Cricoid – trachea
rings 1 and 2 ( C6
level)
• Trachea rings
• Lamina of thyroid
cartilage produces
laryngeal
prominence (Adam’s
Apple)
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
• O: Anterior and superior
manubrium and superior
medial third of clavicle
• I: Lateral aspect of mastoid
process and anterior half of
superior nuchal line
• A:
– Unilaterally: laterally flexes
head and neck to same side,
rotates head to opposite side.
– Bilaterally flexes neck, assists
in inhalation.
Anterior Scalenes
– O: C3-C6 transverse
processes
– I: 1st ribs
– A:
• Unilaterally flexes head
to same side when rib
is fixed, rotates head to
opposite side
• Bilaterally elevates ribs
during inhalation and
flexes head and neck
Posterior Scalenes
– O: C4-C6 transverse
processes
– I: 2nd rib
– A:
• Unilaterally flexes head to
same side when rib is
fixed, rotates head to
opposite side
• Bilaterally elevates ribs
during inhalation
Medial Scalenes
– O: C2-C7 transverse
processes
– I: 1st rib
– A:
• Unilaterally flexes head
to same side when rib
is fixed, rotates head to
opposite side
• Bilaterally elevates ribs
during inhalation
Splenius Capitus
– O: spinous process of
C7-T3 and ligament
nuchae
– I: superior nuchal line and
mastoid process
– A:
• Unilaterally rotates head
to same side and
laterally flexes neck
• Bilaterally extends head
and neck
Splenius Cervicus
• O: Spinous processes
and of T3-6
• I: Transverse processes
of C1-3
• A:
– Unilaterally rotates head
to same side and laterally
flexes neck
– Bilaterally extends head
and neck
Levator Scapulae
– O: TP of C1-C4
– I: superior angle of scapula
– A:
• Unilaterally elevates
scapula, downwardly
rotates scapula, laterally
flexes neck
• Bilaterally extends head
and neck
Suboccipitals
• Rectus capitis
posterior major
• Rectus capitis
posterior minor
• Obliquus capitus
inferior
• Obliquus capitis
superior