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Our Solar
System
The Solar System
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What is Solar System
• The Sun, its planets and all the objects moving
around them collectively are called Solar
System.
• The Solar System is entirely dependent on Sun
& the only one which is self- luminous i.e
which has its own light.
• Rest of the planets reflect the light received
from Sun
Sun
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Sun –Star of the Solar System
• It ‘s the heaviest
among solar system
• It is a ball of hot,
burning gases.
• It is the nearest star to
the earth.
• The light from the Sun
takes appx. 8 minutes
to reach Earth.
Sun –Star of the Solar System
• It is the source of (almost) all energy for life on
Earth.
• On the Sun’s surface ,there are dark patches
known as sunspots. These are patches of gas
that looks dark since they are cooler than their
surroundings.
Nuclear Fusion
• About three quarters of the Sun's mass
consists of hydrogen, while the rest is
mostly helium.
Nuclear Fusion
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pusKl
K1L5To
Planets
Planets
• Planet word comes from Greek ,which means wandering
star.
• Planets are heavenly bodies ,which revolve around the Sun
in elliptical orbits.
• Earlier it was considered there were 9 planets in Solar
system but lately one planet called Pluto was de-classified
from being a planet.
• All planets fall in 2 groups
Inner Terrestrial Planets: Mercury , Venus, Mars and Earth
are called inner planets or terrestrial planets.
Outer Gas Planets: Jupiter , Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are also
called the outer planets or gaseous planets.
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• Between Inner & Outer Planets ,there is a ring
of small bodies , which are made of rock &
metal, these are called Asteroids. They also
keep moving around the Sun .This ring is also
called Asteroids Belt.
Mercury
Mercury –The Innermost Planet
• It is named after
messenger of the
Roman gods
• It is the closest planet
to the Sun
• Large variations in day
(400 degree C) & night (180 degree C) time
temperatures.
Mercury –The Innermost Planet
• It is also the smallest, and its orbit is the
most not fully circular.
• It does not have any satellite.
• There is no water or atmosphere
• It can be seen with naked eyes.
• It orbits the Sun once in about 88 Earth days
• There are no seasons on its surface
Venus
Venus –The Veiled Planet
• Venus is surrounded
by thick cloud cover
,that is why it is called
“Veiled Planet”.
• It is brightest &
hottest planet.
• It is named after
Roman goddess of
love & beauty .
Venus –The Veiled Planet
• It orbits the Sun once in about 225 Earth days.
• Venus reaches its maximum brightness shortly
before sunrise or shortly after sunset, so it is
also known as the Morning Star or Evening
Star.
• Venus is also known as “Sister “ or “Twin”
planet to earth because of its similar size &
mass to earth.
Earth
Earth –The Blue Planet
• It is also known as
watery planet, because
70% of its surface is
covered by water.
• It reflects about 1/3rd of
sunlight it receives .The
earth’s atmosphere
scatters the light &
creates a blue effectn,so
it is also called Blue
Planet..
• Only planet having life .
Earth –The Blue Planet
• It orbits the Sun once in about 365 Earth days.
• It rotates about its own axis, thus creating day &
night. It takes 24 hours to do that.
• It revolves around sun, due to its tilt ,seasons are
created.
• Due to gravity, the layer of gases remain attached
to it (which is known as atmosphere), it prevents
too much heat or UV rays from Sun reaching
earth.
• Moon is the only satellite of the Earth.
Moon
Not a Planet but the only satellite of
the Earth
Moon –The Earth’s Only Satellite
• It’s diameter of only 1/4th
of the Earth
• It looks bigger to us as it
is very close to us.
• The moon has no
atmosphere ,so there is
huge difference between
day & night temperature.
(127 degree C in Day to 173 degree C in Night)
Moon –The Earth’s Only Satellite
• As there is no atmosphere, there is no
weather, no rain, no wind or clouds.
• Like everything else in Solar System, Moon
also does not have its own light . It shines due
to Sun’s light .
• There is no water on its surface.
• Moon’s gravity is 1/6th of Earth, so your weight
would be 1/6th of your weight on the earth.
Moon –The Earth’s Only Satellite
• The Moon is the only celestial
body other than Earth on
which humans have set foot.
• Neil Armstrong became the
first person to walk on the
Moon as the commander of
the American mission Apollo
11by first setting foot on the
Moon on 21 July 1969.
Mars
Mars –The Red Planet
• It is named after
the Roman god of war.
• It is often described as
the "Red Planet", as
the iron oxide prevalent
on its surface gives it
a reddish appearance
Mars –The Red Planet
•
•
•
•
Mars has approximately half the diameter of Earth
It has two satellites.
The gravity of Mars is half of the earth .
The atmosphere of Mars consists of about
95% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen,1.6% argon
and contains some oxygen and water
• Mars also has the largest dust storms in the Solar
System
Jupiter
Jupiter –The
Giant Planet
• It is named after
the Roman god Jupiter
(ruler of Roman gods)
• Jupiter is the largest
planet within the Solar
System
• It has a great Red Spot
,it is rotating storm
system inside the
planet.
Jupiter –The
Giant Planet
• Jupiter rotates faster than any other planet.
• It completes one rotation in 10 hours
• Jupiter has a faint ring system, these rings
appear to be made of dust.
• This is also a windy planet as the fast rotation
causes high winds.
• It has 16 planets.
Saturn
Saturn –The Jewel Planet
• Saturn is the
sixth planet from
the Sun and the second
largest planet in
the Solar System,
after Jupiter.
• It is named after
the Roman god Saturn
• Saturn is classified as
a gas giant planet
It is the most beautiful planet in solar system because of its spectacular rings
Saturn-The Jewel Planet
• Saturn rings are made up of ice & ice covered
particles
• It has 22 known satellites .
• It can be seen by naked eye
• Saturn is 95 times heavier than earth
• it takes Saturn 10,759 Earth days (or about
29½ years), to finish one revolution around
the Sun
Uranus
Uranus –A planet on its
• Uranus appears to lie
on its side.
• It is named after
the Roman god of the
sky.
• The only planet which
rotates on its axis from
east to west.
Uranus –A planet on its
• It has at least ten thin uniform black rings
,which are made of dust.
• It has 27 known satellites
• It is a very cold planet ,it receives 370 times
less sunlight than Earth as it is far away from
sun as compared to Earth.
• Its core is very rocky.
Neptune
Neptune –The Last Giant
• Most distant gas
planet.
• It is named after
the Roman god of the
sea .
• Most windy planet
Neptune –The Last Giant
• Can’t be seen with naked eye
• It has 8 known satellite
• As it is very far from Sun, it completes an
orbit on average every 164.79 years.
• The average distance between Neptune and
the Sun is 4.50 billion km.
• Neptune was the first planet found by
mathematical prediction.