Download Ch4 Inner and Outer Planets

Bellwork
What is the new and improved
mnemonic used to remember the order
of the planets?
Which are the inner planets? Name the
outer planets.
How are the inner planets different than
the outer?
Planet Introduction questions
What is the new and improved
mnemonic used to remember the order
of the planets?
Which are the inner planets? Name the
outer planets.
How are the inner planets different than
the outer?
Background
1. Solar system- the region within which the sun,
planets and other bodies move
2. Some of these planets may have smaller
systems consisting of their moons.
3. Astronomical unit (AU)- average distance
between Earth and the Sun.
4. 1 AU = 150,000,000 Km
Background cont.
5. Speed of light- 300,000 km/s
-
1 min- 18,000,000 Km
1 light-minute
6. Distance in Solar System
- Sun to Earth = 1 AU or 8.3 Light min
- measure in light min, or light hour.
Two Systems
1. Because of distance between them, the planets
are divided in two main parts
-Inner Planets
-Outer Planets
2. Inner Planets
-
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
Terrestrial planets- surfaces are rocky and dense
All different from each other
3. Outer Planets
-Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto
-Gas Giants- composed of mostly gases
-Pluto different- icy and rocky
The Inner Planets
• Mercury is small and rocky.
One day on Mercury is the
same as 58.65 Earth days.
• The temperature gets hotter
than an oven during the
daytime and colder than a
freezer at night.
• Mercury is the first planet in
our solar system. It has a thin
atmosphere.
• It is the fastest moving planet
in our solar system.
• It is 57.9 million km. from
the sun. 0 moons.
Mercury
-The next planet is Venus.
-It is the second planet from the
sun.
-It is the hottest in our solar
system. The temperature is 870
degrees Fahrenheit.
-It is 108.2 million km from the
sun.
-Venus rotates very slowly. It is
known as the morning star or the
evening star (very visible on
Jan. 29) 0 moons.
Twins?
Why is Venus Called Earth’s Twin?
Same Density
About the Same Diameter
Different
Rotation
Temp
What are the
different
types of
rotation?
-Prograde Rotation: is
counter-clockwise, so that
the Sun rises in the east and
sets in the west.
-Retrograde Rotation: a few
planets rotate in the
opposite direction, so that
the Sun rises in the west.
The planets with retrograde
rotations are Venus,
Uranus, (the dwarf planet
Pluto too. Uranus' rotation
is tricky.
Venus
-Earth is the third planet
from the sun.
-Earth is the fifth largest
planet in our solar system.
-Earth’s rotation is slowing
down slightly about one
second every 10 years.
-The Earth is 93 million
miles or 149.6 million km
from the sun.
-We think Earth is the only
planet with life.
-Mars is the fourth planet from the
sun.
-Mars’s nickname is the red planet
because it has red soil.
-Mars’s soil is dry, rocky, and
covered with iron-rich dust.
Olympus Mons, the largest
volcano in our solar system, is on
Mars.
-Some people say there was a
dried up river on Mars. 227.9
million km from the sun. It has
two moons.
Mars
Bellwork
Name the inner
planets in order.
The Outer Planets
General
• Most of these Planets are
–
–
–
–
Mostly Gas
Massive Atmospheres
Solid Cores due to pressure
All have rings
• Are called the Gas Giants (but Pluto)
– Mostly made up of Hydrogen and Helium
• Pluto is more like inner planets then outer
planets
Jovian Planets
-Jupiter is the fifth planet from the
sun.
-Jupiter is the largest planet in our
solar system. Jupiter has 63
known moons.
-It has a giant red spot which is a
storm.
-Jupiter is so big that you could
put every planet from our solar
system in it if it were hollow.
-If you weighed 100 pounds on
Earth you would weigh 254
pounds on Jupiter. Jupiter is
480,000,000 miles away from the
sun.
Jupiter
-Saturn is the sixth planet from
the sun.
-It is the second largest planet.
-It has dozens of rings that are
made of ice and rock and they
can be as small as a fingernail
and as big as the size of a car.
-Saturn is made out of
hydrogen and helium. If there
was an ocean big enough to
hold Saturn it would float.
-Saturn has 60 moons.
Saturn
-Uranus is the seventh planet
from the sun.
-It is the third largest planet in
our solar system. It has 11
rings and 27 known moons.
-Uranus is the only planet in
our solar system that spins on
it’s side.
-It is the size of 14 Earths. It
is 1,850,000,000 miles from
the sun.
-It is a frozen planet with a
molten core.
Uranus
-Neptune is the eighth planet
from the sun.
-Neptune has eight narrow, faint
rings in clumps.
-Neptune was the first planet
whose existence was predicted
mathematically.
-Neptune is over 16 times the
size of Earth. A day on Neptune
is 19.1 Earth hours. One year
on Neptune is 164.8 Earth
years. Neptune is
4,546,000,000 miles from the
sun. 13 moons.
Moon Triton
Large moon
Has Ice Volcano
erupt Liquid nitrogen
Because of it’s orbit sometime in the distant
future it will break up or crash into
Neptune.
Neptune
-Pluto is now considered a
dwarf planet and is no
longer counted as a true
planet.
-Each day on Pluto is 6.39
Earth days. A year on
Pluto is 247.7 Earth years.
Pluto is very cold. It can
be between -396° to 378°F.
-Pluto has 3 moons, and the
largest, Charon, is almost
the size of Pluto.
Pluto