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Bellwork What is the organization created by the United States government to explore space? Tuesday March 25, 2014 • Objective: SW learn about the positions and characteristics of the inner planets. Two Systems 1. Because of distance between them, the planets are divided in two main parts -Inner Planets and Outer Planets 2. Inner Planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars Terrestrial planets- surfaces are rocky and dense All different from each other The Inner Planets • Mercury is small and rocky. One day on Mercury is the same as 58.65 Earth days. • The temperature gets hotter than an oven during the daytime and colder than a freezer at night. • Mercury is the first planet in our solar system. It has a thin atmosphere. • It is the fastest moving planet in our solar system. • It is 57.9 million km. from the sun. 0 moons. -The next planet is Venus. -It is the second planet from the sun. -It is the hottest in our solar system. The temperature is 870 degrees Fahrenheit. -It is 108.2 million km from the sun. -Venus rotates very slowly. It is known as the morning star or the evening star (very visible on Jan. 29) 0 moons. Why is Venus Called Earth’s Twin? • Same Density and About the Same Diameter • Different Rotation and Temperature What are the different types of rotation? -Prograde Rotation: is counter-clockwise, so that the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. -Retrograde Rotation: a few planets rotate in the opposite direction, so that the Sun rises in the west. -The planets with retrograde rotations are Venus, Uranus, (the dwarf planet Pluto too.) -Earth is the third planet from the sun. -Earth is the fifth largest planet in our solar system. -Earth’s rotation is slowing down slightly about one second every 10 years. -The Earth is 149.6 million km from the sun. -We think Earth is the only planet with life. -Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. -Mars’s nickname is the red planet because it has red soil. -Mars’s soil is dry, rocky, and covered with iron-rich dust. Olympus Mons, the largest volcano in our solar system, is on Mars. -Some people say there was a dried up river on Mars. 227.9 million km from the sun. It has two moons. Exit Slip Why are the inner planets called terrestrial planets? Video • http://youtu.be/qVItSWKQiuQ Bellwork Name the inner planets in order. Thursday March 27, 2014 • Objective: SW learn about the positions and characteristics of the outer planets. The Outer Planets General • Most of these Planets are – – – – Mostly Gas Massive Atmospheres Solid Cores due to pressure All have rings • Are called the Gas Giants (but Pluto) – Mostly made up of Hydrogen and Helium • Pluto is more like inner planets then outer planets -Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun. -Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. Jupiter has 63 known moons. -It has a giant red spot which is a storm. -Jupiter is so big that you could put every planet from our solar system in it if it were hollow. -If you weighed 100 pounds on Earth you would weigh 254 pounds on Jupiter. Jupiter is 480,000,000 miles away from the sun. -Saturn is the sixth planet from the sun. -It is the second largest planet. -It has dozens of rings that are made of ice and rock and they can be as small as a fingernail and as big as the size of a car. -Saturn is made out of hydrogen and helium. If there was an ocean big enough to hold Saturn it would float. -Saturn has 60 moons. -Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun. -It is the third largest planet in our solar system. It has 11 rings and 27 known moons. -Uranus is the only planet in our solar system that spins on it’s side. -It is the size of 14 Earths. It is 1,850,000,000 miles from the sun. -It is a frozen planet with a molten core. -Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun. -Neptune has eight narrow, faint rings in clumps. -Neptune was the first planet whose existence was predicted mathematically. -Neptune is over 16 times the size of Earth. A day on Neptune is 19.1 Earth hours. One year on Neptune is 164.8 Earth years. Neptune is 4,546,000,000 miles from the sun. 13 moons. -Pluto is now considered a dwarf planet and is no longer counted as a true planet. -Each day on Pluto is 6.39 Earth days. A year on Pluto is 247.7 Earth years. Pluto is very cold. It can be between -396° to 378°F. -Pluto has 3 moons, and the largest, Charon, is almost the size of Pluto. Exit Slip Why are the outer planets called Gas Giants? Video • http://youtu.be/ICutVnjsx1o