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Chapter 21
A Family of Planets
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1. Which of the following geologic processes makes
scientists think that liquid water may have once existed
on Mars?
A deposition of sediment
B cratering
C mountain building
D volcanism
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Chapter 21
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1. Which of the following geologic processes makes
scientists think that liquid water may have once existed
on Mars?
A deposition of sediment
B cratering
C mountain building
D volcanism
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Chapter 21
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2. Which of the following is a characteristic of comets?
A Comets are composed of rocky material, iron, and
nickel.
B Comets follow a circular orbit around the sun.
C Comets give off gas and dust when heated by the sun.
D Comets are rich in iron.
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2. Which of the following is a characteristic of comets?
A Comets are composed of rocky material, iron, and
nickel.
B Comets follow a circular orbit around the sun.
C Comets give off gas and dust when heated by the sun.
D Comets are rich in iron.
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3. Scientists observe a planet in a distant galaxy. This
planet appears to have similar features to Earth. Which
feature would the scientists be most interested in, if
they were looking for life on this planet?
A thick atmosphere
B liquid water
C active volcanoes
D long day length
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3. Scientists observe a planet in a distant galaxy. This
planet appears to have similar features to Earth. Which
feature would the scientists be most interested in, if
they were looking for life on this planet?
A thick atmosphere
B liquid water
C active volcanoes
D long day length
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4. According the data in the table, which outer planet
takes 30,660 Earth days to complete one orbit around
the sun?
A Jupiter
C Uranus
B Saturn
D Neptune
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4. According the data in the table, which outer planet
takes 30,660 Earth days to complete one orbit around
the sun?
A Jupiter
C Uranus
B Saturn
D Neptune
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5. Based on the table, which of the following is a valid conclusion?
A In general, each outer planet is about twice as far from the sun as the next
closest planet.
B Each period of revolution is unrelated to the average distance of each
planet from the sun.
C Among the outer planets, planets with the largest volume are found
farthest from the sun.
D Day length for each planet increases with an increase in the planet’s
diameter.
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5. Based on the table, which of the following is a valid conclusion?
A In general, each outer planet is about twice as far from the sun as the next
closest planet.
B Each period of revolution is unrelated to the average distance of each
planet from the sun.
C Among the outer planets, planets with the largest volume are found
farthest from the sun.
D Day length for each planet increases with an increase in the planet’s
diameter.
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6. Which one of the following objects in our solar
system would travel the greatest distance during one
revolution around the sun?
A a terrestrial planet
B an asteroid
C a gas giant
D a comet
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6. Which one of the following objects in our solar
system would travel the greatest distance during one
revolution around the sun?
A a terrestrial planet
B an asteroid
C a gas giant
D a comet
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7. The distance from Earth to the sun is 1 astronomical
unit (AU), or 8.3 light-minutes. If Saturn is located about
9.4 AU away from the sun, how many light-hours from
the sun is it?
A 0.3 light-hours
B 1.3 light-hours
C 17.7 light-hours
D 78.0 light-hours
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7. The distance from Earth to the sun is 1 astronomical
unit (AU), or 8.3 light-minutes. If Saturn is located about
9.4 AU away from the sun, how many light-hours from
the sun is it?
A 0.3 light-hours
B 1.3 light-hours
C 17.7 light-hours
D 78.0 light-hours
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8. The diagram shows different positions of the moon
relative to Earth and the sun. In which phase will an
observer on Earth see a crescent moon?
A phase A
C phase C
B phase B
D phase D
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8. The diagram shows different positions of the moon
relative to Earth and the sun. In which phase will an
observer on Earth see a crescent moon?
A phase A
C phase C
B phase B
D phase D
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9. Which of the following is a wide region of small,
rocky bodies that is located between the orbits of Mars
and Jupiter?
A the Kuiper belt
B the Oort cloud
C the asteroid belt
D the rings of Saturn
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9. Which of the following is a wide region of small,
rocky bodies that is located between the orbits of Mars
and Jupiter?
A the Kuiper belt
B the Oort cloud
C the asteroid belt
D the rings of Saturn
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10. Which of the following motions of Earth and the
moon occurs in the longest period of time?
A Earth orbits the sun once.
B The moon orbits Earth twice.
C Earth rotates on its axis five times.
D Twelve full moons are seen from Earth.
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10. Which of the following motions of Earth and the
moon occurs in the longest period of time?
A Earth orbits the sun once.
B The moon orbits Earth twice.
C Earth rotates on its axis five times.
D Twelve full moons are seen from Earth.
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11. The full moon occurs on Wednesday, January 3rd.
On what day could a lunar eclipse occur during
January?
A Wednesday the 3rd
B Thursday the 11th
C Thursday the 18th
D Thursday the 25th
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11. The full moon occurs on Wednesday, January 3rd.
On what day could a lunar eclipse occur during
January?
A Wednesday the 3rd
B Thursday the 11th
C Thursday the 18th
D Thursday the 25th
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12. In 2006, Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet.
What are the characteristics of Pluto that make it
similar to and different from the planets in our solar
system?
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12. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the
following points:
• Pluto is similar to the planets because: it orbits the
sun and has a satellite; it is rocky, like the terrestrial
planets, and it has a thin atmosphere; and it is round
because of its own gravity.
• Pluto is different because: it is much smaller than the
planets; its satellite is more than half the size of Pluto,
while satellites around planets in our solar system are
much smaller than their planets; it is made of rock and
ice, like a comet; and it has not cleared its orbit of
debris.
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13. Carrie explained to her little brother that a solar
eclipse happens when the full moon blocks the sun.
Was she correct? Explain your answer.
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13. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the
following points:
• Carrie was correct when she implied that a solar
eclipse happens when the moon is directly between
Earth and the sun.
• However, because of its relative position in the sky
when the moon
is between Earth and the sun, the moon would look
dark when seen from Earth.
• Therefore, she was incorrect when she said a full
moon blocks the sun. The moon is in the new moon
phase during a solar eclipse.
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