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1 1 Introduction to Java 2 History of Java • Java – Originally for intelligent consumer-electronic devices – Then used for creating Web pages with dynamic content – Now also used to: • Develop large-scale enterprise applications • Enhance WWW server functionality • Provide applications for consumer devices (cell phones, etc.) 3 Java Class Libraries • Classes – Include methods that perform tasks • Return information after task completion – Used to build Java programs • Java provides class libraries – Known as Java APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) 4 FORTRAN, COBOL, Pascal and Ada • FORTRAN – FORmula TRANslator • COBOL – COmmon Business Oriented Language • Pascal – Structured programming • Ada – Multitasking 5 BASIC, Visual Basic, Visual C++, C# and .NET • BASIC – Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code • .NET – .NET platform • Visual Basic .NET – Based on BASIC • Visual C++ – Based on C++ • C# – Based on C++ and Java 6 Typical Java Development Environment • Java programs normally undergo five phases – Edit • Programmer writes program (and stores program on disk) – Compile • Compiler creates bytecodes from program – Load • Class loader stores bytecodes in memory – Verify • Bytecode Verifier confirms bytecodes do not violate security restrictions – Execute • JVM translates bytecodes into machine language 7 Fig. 1.1 Typical Java development environment. 8 Creating a Program with JCreator • Click on the JCreator Icon • IDE window appears 9 Creating a Program with JCreator • Click on File, New, then Project • Project Wizard appears – Choose Java Application template 10 Creating a Program with JCreator • Give the project a name • Then click Next 11 Creating a Program with JCreator • You will want the JDK version 1.5 At this point you can click on Finish • This tab is where you can specify hsa library 12 Creating a Program with JCreator • Now we create our class (the program) with File, New, and Class The Class Wizard appears. Specify a name for the class and make sure Public is chosen For now, you can proceed with Finish 13 Creating a Program with JCreator • The wizard creates a template. • Now complete the program with the required commands. 14 Creating a Program with JCreator • Run the compiler with Build, and CompileFile Build Output shows in bottom pane. This is where compiler error messages will be displayed. 15 Creating a Program with JCreator • To run the compiled program click on Build, and ExecuteFile Without Creating a Project • Program runs in separate window 16 View Flash Presentations • Creating a workspace, project, and application • Writing, compiling, running an application 17 1 Introduction to Java