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Download Nervous system - Fulton County Schools
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The master communication center of the body. 3 Main Functions: Monitor all information about changes occurring both inside and outside the body. Process and interprets the information received and integrates it in order to make decisions. Our nervous system Command responses by allows us to feel pain. activating muscles, glands, and other parts of the nervous system. CNS Brain & Spinal Cord PNS Cranial Nerves & Spinal Nerves 12 pairs of cranial nerves 32 pairs of spinal nerves Functional Organization Figure 7.2 Autonomic sensory Autonomic motor Neuron Anatomy Extensions outside the cell body Dendrites – conduct impulses toward the cell body Axons – conduct impulses away from the cell body Figure 7.4a Mad, Mad, Mad scientist Axon terminals Cell body Nucleus Dendrites Axon Myelin sheath Physiology of Neurons Sensory (afferent) neurons Carry impulses from the sensory receptors Cutaneous sense organs Proprioceptors – detect stretch or tension Motor (efferent) neurons Carry impulses from the central nervous system Neuron Classification Figure 7.6 Sensory neuron (Afferent)carry impulses from receptors to CNS relay neuron impulses from sensory to motor nerves Motor neuron (Efferent) carry impulses from CNS to effector (muscle or gland) Axons and Nerve Impulses Axons end in axonal terminals Axonal terminals contain vesicles with neurotransmitters Axonal terminals are separated from the next neuron by a gap Synaptic cleft – gap between adjacent neurons Synapse – junction between nerves Nerve Fiber Coverings Schwann cells – produce myelin sheaths Nodes of Ranvier – gaps in myelin sheath along the axon Figure 7.5 Structural Classification of Neurons Multipolar neurons – many extensions from the cell body Figure 7.8a Structural Classification of Neurons Bipolar neurons – one axon and one dendrite Figure 7.8b Structural Classification of Neurons Unipolar neurons – have a short single process leaving the cell body Figure 7.8c Each table with find information regarding a different type of “supporting” neuron to share with the class. Each table has been assigned a cell type. Use your book to fill in the requested information about the various Glial cells: Astrocyte, Microglia, Ependymal, Oligodendrocyte, and Schwann cells. Select a representative to speak for your table – he are she must come up to the front of the class. You have 7 minutes to gather the information.
