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World History & Geography I Unit 10: Western Europe during the Middle Ages 500 to 1100 A.D Standard(s) WHI.9a-9d The student will demonstrate knowledge of Western Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1000 A.D. (C.E.) in terms of its impact on Western civilization by a) sequencing events related to the spread and influence of Christianity and the Catholic Church throughout Europe; b) explaining the structure of feudal society and its economic, social, and political effects; c) explaining the rise of Frankish kings, the Age of Charlemagne, and the revival of the idea of the Roman Empire; d) sequencing events related to the invasions, settlements, and influence of migratory groups, including Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings. Foundations of early medieval society Classical heritage of Rome Christian beliefs Customs of Germanic tribes Influence of the Roman Catholic Church Secular authority declined, while Church authority grew. Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman cultural achievements. Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin alphabet to Germanic tribes. The Pope anointed Charlemagne Emperor in 800 A.D. (C.E.) Parish priests served religious and social needs of the people. Invasions shattered Roman protection over the Empire. Feudal society during the Middle Ages Fiefs Vassals Serfs Feudal obligations Manorial system during the Middle Ages Rigid class structure Self-sufficient manors Age of Charlemagne Franks emerged as a force in Western Europe. The Pope crowned the Emperor. Power of the Church was established in political life. Roman culture was reinterpreted. Most of Western Europe was included in the new empire. Churches, roads, and schools were built to unite the empire. Areas of settlement Angles and Saxons migrated from continental Europe to England. Magyars migrated from Central Asia to Hungary. Vikings migrated from Scandinavia to Russia. Influence of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings Manors with castles provided protection from invaders, reinforcing the feudal system. Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and the feudal system was strengthened. Why were Rome and the Church such a big influence on the early Middle Ages? Medieval Society-middle Ages of Europe Charles Martel-major domo that defeats Moors at Tours Battle of Tours-battle in France where Charles Martel stopped the Muslim advance into Europe Charlemagne-King of the Franks (768-814) and founder of the first empire in Western Europe after the fall of Rome. Holy Roman Empire-a Germanic empire located chiefly in central Europe that began with the coronation of Charlemagne as Roman emperor in 800 A.D. Analyze Charlemagne’s rule and explain why he was such an important ruler to Western Culture. Vikings-Norse invaders famous for their ships Angles and Saxons-groups that come from the mainland and conquer England Magyars-brutal conquerors who settle in current day Hungary Fill in the chart on the invaders of Europe Invaders Vikings Geography Angles and Saxons Magyars Famous For Technology/Weapons In the box create a theory as to which invaders were the best. King Gave land to nobles Nobles give land to knights Knights Knights Nobles give land to knights Knights Nobles give land to knights Knights Knights Feudalism-political system where land was given for military service Fief-the land given for military service Vassal-person receiving the land and serving the noble of the level above Manor-the main house of the lord of a fief Create a theory about why the feudal system was necessary and compare it to the feudal system of Japan. Manorial system-economy based around manors producing everything on the estate Serfs-peasants tied to land Chivalry-code by which knights lived Knights Serfs In the box above, compare the life of Knights to that of the Serf. Secular-of or pertaining to worldly things or to things that are not regarded as religious, spiritual, or sacred; temporal: secular interests. Holy Roman Empire-a Germanic empire located chiefly in central Europe that began with the coronation of Charlemagne as Roman emperor in 800 A.D. Monasteries-a house or place of residence occupied by a community of persons, especially monks, living in seclusion under religious vows. Missionaries-a person sent by a church into an area to carry on evangelism or other activities, as educational or hospital work. Roman Catholic Church-the Christian church of which the pope, or bishop of Rome, is the supreme head. Explain why Parish Priest had such a great influence on common village people.