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EXPERT SYSTEMS/SIMULATIONS By: Kevin Driscoll and Toby Laforest EXPERT SYSTEMS An expert system is software that attempts to reproduce the performance of one or more human experts The primary goal of an expert system is to make expertise information available to decision makers and technicians who need answers quickly. computer-based expert system emulates the behavior of a human advisor, presents terminology unique to the fieldThe primary goal of expert systems research is to make expertise available to decision makers and technicians who need answers quickly. computer-based expert systems emulate the behavior of a human advisor, present terminology unique to the field and introduces the activities that must be accomplished to build expert systems. EXPERT SYSTEMS An example of expert systems is Mycin A simpler example is 20Questions They call these expert systems “wizards”. EXPERT SYSTEM COMPONENTS User interface Explanation facility- explains reasoning of the system to a user Knowledge Base – production memory (rules) Working memory- global database of facts Inference engine Agenda- prioritized list of rules satisfied by facts Knowledge acquisition facility ADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS The interpretation of data Diagnosis of malfunctions Structural analysis of complex objects Processes mass data faster Planning sequences of actions EXAMPLES Mycin - Diagnose infectious blood diseases and recommend antibiotics (by Stanford University) NEXPERT Object - An early general-purpose commercial backwards-chaining inference engine used in the development of expert systems Prolog - Programming language used in the development of expert systems Forth - Programming language used in the development of expert systems R1/Xcon - Order processing SHINE Real-time Expert System - Spacecraft Health INference Engine STD Wizard - Expert system for recommending medical screening tests PyKe - Pyke is a knowledge-based inference engine (expert system) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artificial Intelligence is a type of expert system AI is the "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.“ It is an Expert System in the future, it takes the concept and pushes it to the extreme SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES Computer take over Job Substitutions Relying too much on technology Privacy Accessibility