Download TOPIC: Evolution AIM: What evidence supports the theory of

Topic: Evolution
Aim: Describe the various piece of
evidence for evolution.
Do Now: Genetic Engineering ISN
HW: Finish Genetic Engineering ISN
CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23
Punnett Square Lab due tomorrow.
1. Identify the females.
1, 3, 6, 3
2. Identify the males.
2, 4, 5, 8
3
4
5
6
3. Identify the individuals
who are carriers.
3, 6
73
8
4. Identify the
individuals who have the
trait.
2, 8
1. Identify the structure produced when combining DNA from
two different organisms.
Recombinant DNA
2. Identify the technique that is used to combine the desirable
qualities of 2 different organisms. Hybridization
3. Identify the technique in which humans change the genetic
makeup of an organism.
Genetic engineering
4. Identify the technique which genetically identical offspring
are produced by using the cells of an organism.
Cloning
5. Identify the technique that is used to combine the desirable
qualities of 2 organisms that are very similar.
Inbreeding
Cloning an individual usually produces
organisms that
(1) contain dangerous mutations
(2) contain identical genes
(3) are identical in appearance and
behavior
(4) produce enzymes different from the
parent
Which process is most similar to the
process of cloning?
(1) Fertilization
(2) Vegetative propagation
(3) Meiosis
(4) Gamete formation
Which process could be used by
breeders to develop tomatoes with a
longer shelf life and to develop cows
with increased milk production?
(1) natural selection
(2) genetic engineering
(3) sporulation
(4) chromatography
Topic: Evolution
Aim: Describe the various piece of
evidence for evolution.
Do Now: Genetic Engineering ISN
Take out your evolution reading notes.
HW: Finish Genetic Engineering ISN
CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23
Punnett Square Lab due Friday.
1. What does structure A represent? Gene
2. Identify structure B. Recombinant DNA
3. What technique is illustrated in the
diagram? Genetic engineering
3. What is this technique used for?
To produce insulin, growth hormone,
clotting factors, genetically modified foods
What is evolution?
• Change of an species through
time
This is an evolutionary tree. According to this
diagram, which organisms are found in the present
time? Which organisms have become extinct?
1. Identify • Fossils
the 4
major
pieces of
evidence
scientists
compare
according
to the
reading.
• Biological evidence
• Similarities in
developmental stages
• Similarities in DNA
2. Define
• An early form of an
the term
organism from which later
ancestor.
forms descend.
3. Describe • Any trace or remains of
fossils.
an organism preserved by
natural processes.
•Bones
• Mold = shape preserved in rock
as hollow form
• Cast = mold filled with minerals
and hardens
• Petrifaction = remains of organism
turns to stone
4. What
• That 2 species with a
kind of
common ancestor can
evidence
develop differently in
do fossils
different locations.
provide?
a. Identify the type
of rock that fossils
are found in.
Sedimentary rock
b. Identify the layer
that contains the
YOUNGEST
FOSSILS.
C
c. Identify the layer
that contains the
OLDEST FOSSILS.
A
d. Identify the layer
that contains fossils
that are MOST
COMPLEX.
C
e. Identify the layer
that contains the
LEAST COMPLEX.
A
Law of
superposition
F. Describe what
occurs to fossils as
you move up the
layers in terms of age
and complexity.
As you move up the
layers, the fossils
become younger and
more complex.
Organisms
have
evolved
from least
complex to
most
complex
youngest
oldest
6. Identify • Structure and
development of living
what
things
biological
evidence
includes.
7. Identify • Vestigial organs
the 2
• Similar structures with
types of
different functions
biological
evidence.
8. Describe • Physical structures that
were fully developed and
vestigial
functional in ancestors.
organs.
• Have been reduced and
unused in later species.
9. Identify 2 • Small leg bones in
examples
whales
of vestigial
structures.
• Leg-like structures in skeleton of
snakes
Vestigial organs indicate that they must have
been present in a form in which they were
highly functional in the ancestral forms.
Topic: Evolution
Aim: Describe the various piece of
evidence for evolution.
Do Now: Pedigree Chart Ditto #’s 1 – 8
with your 3 o’clock partner (4 minutes)
HW: Finish Natural Selection Reading
Notes
CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23
Punnett Square Lab due Friday.
10. How do
• Help researchers see
vestigial
how some modern
structures
organisms are related to
support
ancestors with similar
evolution?
structures.
11. Identify • Homologous structures
the name
of similar
structures
with
different
functions.
12. Identify • Lizards, bats and
an example
manatees have
of similar
forelimbs with similar
structures
bone structure.
with
different
functions
discussed
in the
reading.
Topic: Evolution
Aim: Describe the various piece of
evidence for evolution.
Do Now: Pedigree Chart Ditto #’s 1 – 8
with your 3 o’clock partner (4 minutes)
HW: Finish Natural Selection Reading
Notes
CL Genetics Due Monday 3/23
Punnett Square Lab due Friday.
1. How many generations are represented in the
pedigree? 4
2. In generation 1, which parent is a carrier of the
recessive gene? 2 (dad)
3. In generation 2, which individual marries someone
who is pure dominant? 3
4. In which generation does the first case of sickle cell
anemia appear? 3rd generation
5. Which generation contains the most male carriers?
3rd generation
6. Can 2 carriers produce a child with sickle cell
anemia? Yes
7. Can a normal person produce offspring with sickle
cell anemia? No
8. Which parents produce 2 children with sickle cell
anemia? 15 and 16
13. How are • Share a common
similar
ancestry
structures
with
different
functions
evidence
of
evolution?
14. In line 21
“various
animals
looked
similar in
their
earliest
stages of
life.”
Identify the
word that
refers to
the “earliest
stage of
life.”
• Embryo
FISH
REPTILE
BIRD (chicken)
MAMMAL (human)
15. Describe • Genetic material found
DNA.
in all organisms.
16. Describe • Made up of 4 different
the code
chemical subunits called
that makes
bases.
up DNA.
• A, T, C, G
17. Describe • Segment of DNA that
a gene,
relates to a specific
trait or function.
18. How does • The more matches
genetic
there are in the
evidence
sequence of bases
support
between 2 organisms,
evolution?
the more closely related
they are.
What do all of these similarities
suggest?
• These organism
evolved from a
COMMON
ANCESTOR
Let’s summarize…
1. Define the term evolution.
2. Where are fossils found?
3. Explain how fossils are evidence of
evolution.
4. Identify some other pieces of evidence for
evolution.
According to one theory, similarities in these
embryos suggest common ancestry. As these
embryos mature, they will most likely
(1.) develop new organs according to the
nutritional requirements of each organism
(2.) show no similarity as adults
(3.) continue to closely resemble each other
as adults
(4.) develop the distinctive characteristics of
their species
The fossils found in layer B resemble the fossils
found in layer A. This similarity suggests that
(1.) the fossils in layer B were formed before the
fossils in layer A
(2.) modern forms of life may have evolved from
earlier forms of life
(3.) vertebrate fossils are only found in sediments
(4.) the fossils in layer A must be more complex than
those in layer B
The term "evolution" is best
described as
(1)a process of change in a population
through time
(2)a process by which organisms
become extinct
(3)the reproductive isolation of
members of certain species
(4)the replacement of one community
by another
Which pair of structures are
homologous?
(1) wing of an insect and wing of a
bird
(2) tentacle of a hydra and flipper of a
whale
(3) front leg of an insect and bones in
the leg of a human
(4) bones in the front leg of a dog
and bones in the wing of a bat
A study of the position and shape of the bones
in the forelimbs of a flying squirrel, a bat,
and a beaver showed that the beaver and the
flying squirrel appear to be most closely
related. This was most likely based on a
study in the field of comparative
(1.) anatomy
(2.) biochemistry
(3.) embryology
(4.) cytology
Two nucleotide sequences found in two
different species are almost exactly the
same. This suggests that these species
(1.) are evolving into the same species
(2.) contain identical DNA
(3.) may have similar evolutionary
histories
(4.) have the same number of
mutations
Which species will most likely survive
changing environmental conditions?
(1) A species with few variations
(2)A species that reproduces sexually
(3)A species that competes with
similar species
(4)A species that has a limited life
span
For these mammals, the number, position,
and shape of the bones most
likely indicates that they may have
(1) developed in a common environment
(2) developed from the same earlier species
(3) identical genetic makeup
(4) identical methods of obtaining food
The first life-forms to appear on
Earth were most likely
(1) complex single-celled organisms
(2) complex multicellular organisms
(3) simple single-celled organisms
(4) simple multicellular organisms
youngest
Most
complex
oldest
Least
complex