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Bell Ringer 1-5-11 1. What does the phrase “definite chemical composition” mean? 2. What characteristic of minerals does the term luster describe? 3. Compare the fracture of quartz to the fracture of a pure metal, such as iron. 4. Write a definition of “mineral” in your own words. Bell Ringer 1-6-11 1. What does it mean to say that a mineral is inorganic? 2. Name eight properties that can be used to identify minerals. 3. What is the difference between fracture and cleavage? 4. How would you define “rock-forming minerals”? Bell Ringer 1-7-11 1. What does it mean to say that a rock is coarse-grained? 2. What three characteristics do geologists use to identify rocks? 3. What are the grains of a rock? 4. What are the three main groups of rocks? Bell Ringer 1-10-11 1. How do igneous rocks form? 2. What is silica? 3. What igneous rock is most often used as building material? 4. How are igneous rocks classified? Bell Ringer 1-11-11 1. What are extrusive rocks and intrusive rocks? 2. What are two common uses of igneous rocks? 3. What characteristics make igneous rocks useful? 4. What is deposition? Bell Ringer 1-12-11 1. How does coal form? 2. Why are sandstone and limestone useful as building materials? 3. What is sediment? 4. What are the three main types of sedimentary rock? Bell Ringer 1-13-11 1. Which type of sedimentary rock forms from the remains of living things? Explain how this sedimentary rock forms. 2. What process cause deposits of rock salt to form? What type of sedimentary rock is rock salt? 3. What are some uses of sedimentary rocks? 4. What is a foliated rock? Bell Ringer 1-14-11 1. What characteristics of slate make it useful? 2. What does metamorphic mean? 3. Where and under what conditions are metamorphic rocks formed? 4. What characteristic of metamorphic rocks do geologists use to classify them? Bell Ringer 1-18-11 1. How does a foliated metamorphic rock form? 2. What is the main use of metamorphic rocks? 3. What effect do heat and pressure deep inside Earth have on sandstone? 4. Write a definition of the rock cycle in your own words. Bell Ringer 1-19-11 1. What must happen in order for any rock in the rock cycle to become a sedimentary rock? 2. How can the streak test be helpful in identifying minerals? 3. What is the relationship between an igneous rock’s texture and where it was formed? 4. Why can water pass easily through sandstone but not through shale? Bell Ringer 1-20-11 1. Describe how a rock can form by evaporation. What type of rock is it? 2. How do the properties of a rock change when it becomes a metamorphic rock? 3. What are two things that could happen to a metamorphic rock to continue the rock cycle? 4. How are clastic rocks and organic rocks similar? How are they different? Bell Ringer 1-21-11 Science Textbook Page 76 Questions 17 – 20 Copy the questions and then answer. Bell Ringer 1-24-11 1. How are minerals different from rocks? 2. What are the characteristics of a mineral? 3. On what basis do scientists classify minerals? 4. What are the four common minerals? Bell Ringer 1-25-11 1. What is the difference between color and streak? 2. Why does a piece of gold weight more than a piece of pyrite that is the same size? 3. Why is color not a reliable clue to the identity of a mineral? 4. What is the difference between cleavage and fracture? Bell Ringer 1-26-11 1. Give two examples of the use of minerals in industry and two examples of the use of minerals in the arts. 2. What are the five ways in which minerals form? 3. Why aren’t all solids minerals? 4. Why is a mineral’s streak more useful in identifying it than its color? Bell Ringer 1-27-11 1. Why do people use rocks for many different purposes? 2. What are the three rock types? 3. How are rocks and minerals different? 4. Which rock types are most common within Earth’s crust? Bell Ringer 1-28-11 1. What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks? 2. What are the two major properties used to classify igneous rocks? 3. Why can intrusive igneous rocks be left behind when surrounding rocks are worn away? 4. What types of material can make up sediment? Bell Ringer 1-31-11 1. Describe the three processes by which sedimentary rocks form. 2. Why is coal called a fossil fuel? 3. Give an example of a way people use metamorphic rocks. 4. What are two reasons a metamorphic rock might not show foliation? Bell Ringer 2-1-11 1. What conditions can cause a sedimentary or igneous rock to change into a metamorphic rock? 2. How do new minerals grow within existing rock? 3. Why do bands of minerals develop in most metamorphic rocks? 4. Would you expect to find foliated or nonfoliated metamorphic rocks net to a lave flow? Why? Bell Ringer 2-2-11 1. What causes seismic waves? 2. What is the main type of rock in oceanic crust? 3. What is the asthenosphere? 4. What is the main difference between the outer core and the inner core? Bell Ringer 2-3-11 1. Why is it difficult to determine Earth’s inner structure? 2. How are seismic waves used to provide evidence about Earth’s interior? 3. List Earth’s three main layers 4. What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere? In which layer is each located? Bell Ringer 2-4-11 1. Classify each of the following layers as liquid, solid, or solid but able to flow slowly: lithosphere, asthenosphere, lower mantle, out core, inner core. 2. What is conduction? 3. What is the role of gravity in creating convection currents? 4. What are the three types of heat transfer? Bell Ringer 2-7-11 1. How is heat transferred through space? 2. What is a convection current? 3. Describe how convection currents form. 4. Name two layers of Earth in which convection currents take place.