Download Muscular System

Muscles are
•
Needed for all types of movement
•
Needed to pump blood
•
Needed to breathe (diaphragm muscle)
•
Needed to produce body heat and regulate body temperature
•
Needed to protect internal organs
Muscle Tutorial Video Clip (Open in New Window)
Skeletal: Voluntary (under your
conscious control), movement of your
bones, face, eyes,etc.
Cardiac Muscle: Involuntary (not
under your conscious control),
movement of your heart and certain
blood vessels
Smooth: Involuntary (not under your
conscious control), movement of your
intestines, stomach and other internal
organs
400 X
striations
nuclei
•Move your bones(also your face,eyes, etc.)
•Voluntary (you can control them)
•Over 400 skeletal muscles in your body
•Long cells with several nuclei (along edges of cell)
•Stripes called striations (visible under high power)
400 X
nuclei
•The muscle of the heart
•Involuntary (you cannot control them)
•Works 24 hours a day your entire life
•Strongest type of muscle
•Only one nucleus per cell (usually in center of cell)
•Some striping (some striations) but not as much as skeletal
muscle
400X
nuclei
•The muscles of the esophagus, stomach, intestines and other
internal organs
•Involuntary (you cannot control them)
•Contract slowly and smoothly
•Can remain contracted for long periods of time
•Usually one nucleus per cell (Usually in the center of the cell)
•No striping (striations)
Animation
Open in New Window
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Label and color these muscles
of the head: (you can draw
arrows)
Sternocleidomastoid
Obicularis Oculi
Obicularis Oris
Zygomaticus
Masseter
Trapezius
Frontalis
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Label and color these muscles
of the Anterior body:
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Deltoid
Rectus Abdominus
External oblique
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Triceps brachii
Latissimus dorsi
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Label and color these muscles
of the Posterior body: (you
can draw arrows)
Deltoid
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Triceps brachii
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Label and color these muscles
of the Thigh/Leg: (you can
draw arrows)
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Satorius
Adductor longus
Adductor mangus
Gracilis
Rectus femoris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis anterior
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Posterior Shoulder
Label/color:
Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major
Maricopa Muscle Tutorial
Anterior Shoulder
Label/color:
Subscapularis
Coracobrachialis
Supraspinatus
The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Action
The "Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Action" explains
how the movement of thick- and thin-filaments relative to
each other leads to the contraction and relaxation of whole
muscles - hence ultimately to the movement of the limbs or
tissues attached to those muscles:
There are two physical units that are important for the
action of muscles. They are thick filaments (Protein
myosin) and thin filaments. (Protien actin).
Muscle tissue can be described
in terms of units called
sacromeres. These units are
defined in terms of groups of
overlapping filaments (the thin
and thick filaments previously
described). Sacromeres are
arrangements of thick and thin
filaments.
The length of a
sacromere and the zones
(H zone, I band and A
band) within each
sacromere, are
determined by the
positions of the thick and
thin filaments relative to
each other. This is
illustrated in the three
diagrams to the left
showing the relative
length and configuration
of two sacromeres of
relaxed muscle (top),
partially contracted
muscle (centre) and
lengthened muscle
(bottom diagram).
The sliding filament theory
is the basic summary of the
process of skeletal muscle
contraction. Myosin moves
along the filament by
repeating a binding and
releasing sequence that
causes the thick filament to
move over the thinner
filament. This progresses in
sequential stages. By
progressing through this
sequence the filaments slide
and the skeletal muscles
contract and release.