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A Volunteer… Name the three functions of the skin Name the three functions of the skin Protection Name the three functions of the skin Protection Receptors perceive the environment Name the three functions of the skin Protection Receptors perceive the environment Temperature Regulation Integumentary System Explain the function Integumentary System Skin is a multilayered organ that covers and protects the body The Structure of the Skin The epidermis The Structure of the Skin The epidermis The dermis The Structure of the Skin The epidermis The dermis The subcutaneous Epidermis Epithelial cells 10-30 cells thick Outer layer is Keratin Waterproof Protects Dermis Second layer 15-40x thicker Connective tissues (don’t tear) Contains: nerve cells, muscle fibers, sweat glands, oil glands and follicles Subcutaneous Third layer Connective tissue Stores fat Helps body retain heat The Skeletal System Chapter 32.2 The function of the skeletal system The Skeleton System Provides a framework Protects internal organs The Skeleton 206 bones in the human body Axial Skeleton Skull Vertebral column Ribs Sternum Appendicular Skeleton Shoulders Arms Hands Hips Legs Feet Bones Connective tissue Classified by terms: long, short, flat, irregular Bones Compact bone Dense and strong Strength and protection Bones Spongy bone Less dense Contains cavities for marrow Marrow Red Yellow Red and white blood cells Store fat and platelets are produced Repair of Bone Fractures common Compound fracture Stress fracture Repair of Bone Endorphins Inflamed or swollen Blood clot in 8 hours Callus forms Repair of Bone Endorphins Inflamed or swollen Blood clot in 8 hours Callus forms Remodeling Age Nutrition Location Severity Joints Two or more bones meet Ball-and-socket Pivot Hinge Gliding Sutures Name the white material at the end of a bone The Muscular System Three types of muscles Smooth Cardiac Striated Smooth muscle Involuntary Can’t be controlled Esophagus, stomach and intestines Cardiac Muscle Heart muscle Involuntary Network or web Striated Muscle Skeleton muscles Voluntary Tendons – tough bands of connective tissue Connects to bone ATP Produced in mitochondria contraction of muscles relaxation of muscles Fast-twitch muscles Rapid short movements Fatigue easily Short burst of energy