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Reading Skills English 181 Benefits Increased reading rate More comprehension Improved grammar Bigger vocabulary Better writing Higher test scores Change Your Reading Habits 1. Do not pronounce each word as you read. 2. Do not move your lips while you read silently. 3. Do not follow the words in the text with your finger or a pencil while you read. 4. Do not translate into Arabic as you read in English. Read Faster Read rapidly for four minutes Move eyes left to right Circle last word read Repeat process four times Comprehension Underline the first sentence of paragraph Underline last sentence of paragraph Cholera has been observed for centuries among human populations and has been responsible for many epidemics, resulting in millions of deaths. It is an infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, first isolated by Robert Koch in 1883. 5 The organism enters the body through the digestive tract during the ingestion of contaminated food and water. A common source in many countries is eating raw or poorly cooked seafood taken from contaminated waters. The disease is especially prevalent after a natural disaster or other destruction that results in a lack of fresh water. When sewer systems fail so that waste travels into the rivers or streams and 10 piped water is not available so that people must take their drinking and cooking water from the rivers or streams, the disease will frequently strike. Since many populations establish along waterways, the disease can be spread along waterways from one community to the next community downstream. The bacteria multiply in the digestive tract and establish the infection. As they 15 die, they release a potent toxin that leads to severe diarrhea and vomiting. This results in extreme dehydration, muscle cramps, kidney failure, collapse, and sometimes death. If the disease is treated promptly, death is less likely. Pyle, M. A. (1995). Reading comprehension practice test. In Bobrow, J. (Ed.), Cliffs advanced practice for the TOEFL (pp. 20-22). Lincoln, NE: Cliffs Notes. Ignore Unfamiliar Words Read questions first Scan for important nouns and verbs Macular degeneration is a chronic, progressive disease and the leading cause of legal blindness in adults older than age 50. - - - degeneration is - - - disease - - - leading cause - - blindness - - - older than age 50. Context Clues Read sentences near the sentence Answer is usually same part of speech Use word association Learn prefixes, suffixes, and roots Termites have eyes, hard body walls, and fully developed wings. A pair of reproductive termites founds the colony. When new reproductive termites develop, they leave to form another colony. a. establishes b. destroys c. controls d. guards Test Strategies “Scanning” questions 2. Pronoun reference questions 3. Vocabulary questions 4. Specific paragraph questions 5. General questions 6. True/false questions 7. Main idea questions 8. Best title questions 1. 1. Read rapidly 2.Underline 3.Ignore unfamiliar words 4.Use contextual clues 5.Follow test-strategy plan