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Everything the School Nurse is Required to Tell You Dennis Township School District Janice Tice RN, BSN & Courtney Herlihy RN, BSN 2009-2010 Introduction & Objectives OSHA, Blood borne Pathogens, Safety & Asthma, Staff will review and recognize the district exposure control plan and practice universal precautions in the event of an exposure. Staff will demonstrate a basic understanding of a student in need of care for asthma. Agenda At the completion of this program please sign the form provided acknowledging understanding of content. Complete your Employee Health History. Return completed forms to the School Health Office ASAP. Overview Could you contract a disease at work? Pathogen Disease Universal Precautions Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Blood HIV Vocabulary Blood borne Pathogens: microorganisms which present in bodily fluids that can lead to disease HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus HBV: Hepatitis B virus HCV: Hepatitis C virus Universal Precautions: Treat all blood and body fluids as if they are infectious. Wear gloves! Wash your hands! Topic One: HIV HIV develops in the immune system. HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS. Currently, there is no available vaccination or cure for HIV. HIV does not survive well outside the body, dying essentially as soon as it dries. HIV can be found in varying concentrations in blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, saliva and tears. Topic Two: Hepatitis Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea & vomiting. May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer and death. Vaccinations are available for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis A. Hepatitis B can survive for at least one week in dried blood. Potential Transmission Blood borne pathogens can be transmitted by: – Contact with another person’s blood or body fluids that may contain blood. – Contact with mucus membranes: getting infected blood or fluid in the eyes, mouth or nose. – Contact with non-intact skin. – Contaminated sharps/needles – this means any object that can penetrate the skin including needles, scalpels, broken glass, capillary tubes slides, dental wires, etc. Diabetics should never check their blood sugars in the classroom. Potential Exposure Injuries, accidents, bloody noses, fights, etc. Administering First Aid – – ***Use Universal Precautions! No one will bleed to death in the time it takes to put on a pair of gloves…you are obligated to protect yourself! Post-Accident Clean-up – You are never expected to clean up blood or body fluids. Call the front office and report a blood spill. You can protect yourself and others by covering the spill with towels or rags until a custodian or someone arrives. District Exposure Control Plan Compliance with OSHA Standards: – Training and communications of hazards to employees. – Offering HBV vaccines and post-exposure follow-ups. – Records kept by School Health Office Job Classifications having a reasonable risk of exposure and offered vaccines: – Nurses, Athletic Trainers, Coaches, PE Teachers, Administrators, Custodians, Playground Aides. All others encouraged to vaccinate (offered by most insurance), otherwise see Nurse for advice. Miscellaneous Information During Regular School Hours: All exposure incidents or injuries, staff & students, must be reported to the Nurse at the time of the incident. After-school or out-of-school Functions: First aid kit provided for school-sponsored activities and custodians for preliminary treatment. All exposure accidents must be reported to the nurse at the earliest time possible upon return to school. Topic Three: Asthma Asthma is a disease that affects your lungs. It causes repeated episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and nighttime or early morning coughing. Asthma accounts for a high degree of absenteeism from school. A coordinated school health program is recommended by the CDC to ensure a better educational outcome. Asthma (continued) The School Health Office may have asthma treatments ordered by a student’s physician as needed. Daily meds such as Advair and Singular and other steroid-based medications have given increased control to students, decreasing triggers and increasing attendance in school. Asthma (Continued) Triggers of Asthmatic Symptoms: – Upper respiratory infections – Allergens – pollen, house dust and mites, animal dander, molds, foods, insects – Strong odors – Exercise – Cold air – Pollution – indoor and outdoor – Emotional Stress – Hyperventilation, laughing, crying References Department of Health and Human Services (2005). Asthma program, environmental hazards and health effects. – http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/default.htm (2007). Viral Hepatitis B Fact Sheet. – http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/ b/fact.htm (2007)