Download + Symbol - privait

GROUP MEMBERS
GROUP LEADER
ASSISTANT
Members:
Rahat Manzar
Kaniz Akhtar Awan
Firdous Anjum
Farrukh Imtiaz
Tabussum Munir
Rizwana Tahir
Iram Manzoor
Farzana Shahid
Tehmina Rubani
Asma Shaukat
Zareena Shaheen
Tahira akhtar
Raheela Khalid
Supervisor Naheed Akram
Shazia Mubeen
Shaista Hasnat
Beatrix Afshan
Zarina Zulfiqar
Qamar un Nisa
OBJECTIVES
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Development of an easy mathematical
approach towards the students.
To know in the better way the terms used
in mathematic in English.
Using these symbols and signs we are
able to understand international books
about Mathematics without knowing their
language( i.e. Chinese and Japanese).
It is the better way to create the attention
towards the subject.
MATHEMATICS

Science (or group of related sciences) dealing with
the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement)
The study of the measurement, properties, and
relationships of quantities and sets, using numbers and
symbols.

Symbol:

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+
What is it:
Addition sign
How is it read:
Plus
How it is used :
Sum of a few
values
Expression sample:
t3 + 2 = 5
+
Symbol:
-
What is it:
Subtraction
sign
How is it read:
Minus
How it is used :
Difference of
values
Expression sample: 5 - 2 = 3
Symbol
. Or x
Multiplication
How is it read?
Multiply by ….times
Expression sample
3.5=15
DIVISION ÷
÷
Division sign.

3 divided by 4
3 ÷ 4 = 0.75

8 divided by 2
8 ÷ 2=4
SLASH
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/
Slash
... divided by ...... over ...
Division
3/4 = 0.75
X
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CROSS PRODUCT
Cross product sign
A cross B written as A x B
AxB≠ BxA
APPROXIMATE SIGN
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~
Approximate
equal sign is
approximately equal
to Indicates two
values are
close to each other
x + y ~z
SUMMATION
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summation sign
The summation mean Sum of
many values.
SQUARE ROOT
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square root symbol
The square root of ...
Algebraic expressions
EQUALITY SIGN
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=
Equal sign shows that two quantities
=
are equals
Indicates two values
are the same
-(-5) = 5
2z + 4z – 6Z = 0
=
INEQUALITY SIGN

Inequality sign is not
equal to Indicates
two values
are different
x≠ y
GREATER THAN
>
 Inequality sign is
greater than
Indicates value on left
is larger than
value on right
 5 > 3
x>y

>
GREATER OR EQUALITY SIGN
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
≥
Inequality sign is greater than or
equal to.
Indicates value on left is larger than
or equal to value on right side.
x ≥y
LESS THAN

<
Inequality sign is less than .
Indicates value on left side
is less than value on right side.
x <y
3< 5
<
LESS OR EQUALITY SIGN

Inequality sign is
less than or equal to is at
most equal to
Indicates value on left
side is smaller than or
equal to value on right
side.
X≤y
≤
BELONGS TO… SIGN
Element-of
A={a,b}
a & b are an elements of set
A.

A={a,b}

a
A
DOES NOT BELONGS
TO.. SIGN
• Not-element-of
• is not an element
of
set.
• A={a ,c, f}
• b
A
SUBSET SYMBOL
A is a subset of B
A={1,2} B={1,2,3,4}
A B

FOR ALL… SYMBOL
Universal quantifier
For all For every
Logical statements
a,b ЄQ`a+b ЄQ

proportionality sign is
proportional to
x
y
indicates two variables
change in direct proportion
 x
1/y
indicates two variables
change in inverse proportion
……CONTINUATION SIGN
so on and up to ...
... and so on infinitely
Extension of sequence
A={1,2,3,……,10}
S = {1, 2, 3, ...}
PERCENTAGE
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%
Percent symbol
... percent ...Proportion
80 percent means 80 out of 100.
80 %
0.032 = 3.2 %
VERTICAL LINE
|
Vertical line means such that.
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| Used in defining a set
{x | x > 4 }
A set of first ten natural numbers.
{x | x € N and 1 < x < 10}
PARENTHESES/ OPEN
BRACKET
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( )
Parentheses is quantity to
list the set of coordinates of
open interval.
(x + y) + z
(x,y,z)
(3,5)
CURLY OR BRACES BRACKETS
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{ }
Curly brackets are the quantity to show
the set
Denotes a quantity or a set
E = {2, 4, 6, 8, ...}
SQUARE BRACKETS
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[]
Square brackets are the quantity to
show the closed interval
Denotes a quantity or a
closed interval
w + [(x + y) + z]
[3,5]
PERPENDICULARITY ┴

Perpendicularity
symbol is perpendicular to Geometry
AC ┴ CD
A
B
C
D
IMPLICATION SYMBOL

logical implication
implies ...

Logical statements
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A
B
x=y
x+z=y+z
LOGICAL EQUALENCE SIGN
 equivalent to ...
 Logical statements
 A
x+y
B
y+x
“THEREFORE” SIGN
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Three dots...
therefore ...
... it follows that ...
Logical statements or
mathematical proofs
x = y and y = z
x=z
SYMBOL OF UNION OF TWO
SETS
• Union symbol.
U
A={1,2,3} B={3,4}
AUB={1,2,3,4}
• AUB = BUA
U
INTERSECTION SYMBOL

Intersection
symbol....
A
B=B
A
A={1,2} B={2,3,4}
AΠB={2}

NULL SET

Null symbol
The null set
The empty set
Sets

Φ
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={}
Φ
DEGREE SYMBOL
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º
Degree symbol...
Degree (s) Angular measure
Temperature= 45º
T = +20 ºC
SYMBOL OF NATURAL
NUMBERS N
Enhanced or bold
The set of natural
numbers
N= { 1, 2, 3, ...}
N
SYMBOL OF WHOLE
NUMBERS
W
Sign used to represent whole
numbers.
W={0,1,2,3,4…}
SYMBOL OF EVEN NUMBERS
E
Sign used to represent the set of
Even numbers.
E={0,±2,±4,±6,±8…}
SYMBOL OF ODD NUMBERS
O
Sign used to represent
the odd numbers.
O={±1±2,±3,…..}
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INTEGER SYMBOL
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,Z
Enhanced or bold Z
The set of integers
Number theory
Z= {……,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,…}
RATIONAL NUMBERS
Q
Enhanced or bold
The set of rational numbers
Q`
Set of irrational numbers.
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REAL NUMBERS SYMBOL
,R
 Enhanced or bold R
 The set of real numbers
All rational and irrational numbers.
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ANGLE SYMBOL
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angle symbol
Angle
Geometry
ABC
LMN
A
B
C
THETA SYMBOL
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Greek theta.
theta ...
Suppose measurement of
an angle is THETA.
Angular variable= 90º
PARALLEL SYMBOL
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//
Parallel symbol is
used in Geometry
L // M
SIMILARITY SIGN
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~
Similarity sign is
similar to Indicates
two objects are
geometrically similar
ABC ~ DEF
~