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Transcript
Electric Current Chap 23 True or False? When a battery no longer works, it is out of charge and must be recharged before it can be used again. T or F A battery can be a source of charge in a circuit. The charge which flows through the circuit originates in the battery. T or F Charge becomes used up as it flows through a circuit. The amount of charge which exits a light bulb is less than the amount which enters the light bulb. T or F Charge flows through circuits at very high speeds. This explains why the light bulb turns on immediately after the wall switch is flipped. T or F The local electrical utility company supplies millions and millions of electrons to our homes everyday. T or F Electric Current Chap 23 The battery supplies the energy needed to move a charge from a low potential location to a high potential location. The charge that flows through a circuit originates in the wires of the circuit. The charge carriers in wires are simply the electrons possessed by the atoms which make up the wires. Charge moves abnormally slowly - on average, about 1 meter in an hour - through a circuit. Yet as soon as a switch is turned to ON, charge located everywhere within the circuit begins to move. Electric Current Chap 23 The rate at which charge flows is everywhere the same within an electric circuit. The rate at which charge flows into a light bulb is the same as the rate at which charge flows out of a light bulb. An electrical appliance such as a light bulb transforms the electrical energy of moving charge into other forms of energy such as light energy and thermal energy. Thus, the amount of electrical energy possessed by a charge as it exits an appliance is less than it possessed when it entered the appliance. Electric Current Chap 23 The battery simply supplies the energy to do work upon the charge to move it from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. Electric Current Chap 23 Electric Current Chap 23 Electric current is measured in amperes A current carrying wire does not have a net electrical charge. Electrical charge and electrical current may seem like the same thing, but are not. Electrical charge can exert a force, current is the motion of the force Electric Current Chap 23 Ohms Law Electrical Current = Electrical Potential Difference / Electrical Resistance Current = Voltage / Resistance I = V/R 1 ampere = 1 volt / 1 ohm Electric Current Chap 23 Ohms game Electric Current Chap 23 Quick points about Ohms Law - Holds true for constant resistance, as the temp. of the resistor increases the amount of resistance will change - Current seeks the path of least resistance reason for the third prong - Current may be different at different locations throughout a circuit Electric Current Chap 23 Electrical Power P is the rate at which electrical energy E is converted to other forms of energy (light, heat ect…) P = E/t Electric Power P in a circuit carrying a current I across voltage V is equal to the product of the current and the voltage P = IV